Table 4.
Stemness-regulating miRNAs and their effects on anti-cancer treatments.
| MiRNAs | Target Gene(s) | Cancer Type | Effect of MiRNAs | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-7-5p | YY1 | Glioblastoma | Treatment with miR-7-5p enhances the sensitivity of drug-resistant cells to temozolomide | [148] |
| miR-34-5p | NOTCH1, GOLPH3 | Breast cancer, Urothelial bladder cancer | Ectopic expression of miR-34-5p increases the sensitivity to doxorubicin by enhancing apoptosis induction in drug-resistant breast cancer cells. Down-regulation of miR-34-5p desensitizes bladder cancer cells to gemcitabine and cisplatin | [122,147] |
| miR-93-3p, miR-105-5p |
SFRP1 | Breast cancer | Silencing of miR-93-3p and miR-105-5p enhances the sensitivity to cisplatin and chemoradiotherapy | [116] |
| miR-124-3p | USP14 | Lung cancer | Over-expression of miR-124-3p increases the effects of gefitinib on apoptosis and growth inhibition | [120] |
| miR-136-5p | NOTCH3 | Ovarian cancer | Over-expression of miR-136-5p escalates paclitaxel-induced cell death in drug-resistant cells | [124] |
| miR-139-5p | NOTCH1 | Colorectal cancer | Ectopic expression of miR-139-5p enhances the sensitivity of CD44+/CD133+ cells to oxaliplatin, vincristine, 5-fluorouracil, and mitomycin C | [123] |
| miR-145-5p | c-MYC, CD44, KLF4, OCT4 | Colorectal cancer, Gastric cancer | Over-expression of miR-145-5p sensitizes cells to cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in gastric cancer. This miRNA also enhances the efficacy of radiation and oxaliplatin | [144,145] |
| miR-186-5p | YY1 | Glioblastoma | Ectopic expression of miR-186-5p improves the cisplatin cytotoxicity | [149] |
| miR-195-5p | NOTCH2, RBPJ | Colorectal cancer | Over-expression of miR-195-5p subdues resistance to 5-fluorouracil | [126] |
| miR-196-5p | SOCS1, SOCS3 | Colorectal cancer | Knockdown of miR-196-5p sensitizes cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil by augmenting apoptosis | [129] |
| miR-324-5p | SMO, GLI1 | Multiple myeloma | Over-expression of miR-324-5p heightens the efficacy of bortezomib in multiple myeloma cells | [135] |
| miR-381-3p | NEFL | Glioblastoma | Silencing of miR-381-3p increases the sensitivity of cells to temozolomide | [150] |
| miR-423-5p | ING4 | Glioblastoma | Over-expression of miR-423-5p significantly attenuates the chemosensitivity of glioma cells to temozolomide | [137] |
| miR-450b-5p | SOX2 | Colorectal cancer | Ectopic expression of miR-450b-5p sensitizes cells to 5-fluorouracil | [143] |
| miR-589-5p | SOCS2, SOCS5, PTPN1, PTPN11 | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Ectopic expression of miR-589-5p promotes the emergence of acquired resistance to doxorubicin | [131] |
| miR-873-5p | PD-L1 | Breast cancer | Over-expression of miR-873-5p attenuates therapeutic resistance to doxorubicin | [142] |
| miR-1246 | CCNG2 | Oral cancer | Knockdown of miR-1246 sensitizes cancer cells to cisplatin | [117] |