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Dysfunctional intestinal mucosal. Chronic exposition to detrimental environmental stimuli, including several food components, may lead to dysbiosis, mucus layer depletion, and breakdown of the epithelial barrier. Constitutive stimulation of NF-κB signaling by bacterial endotoxins induce overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive species of oxygen and nitrogen, feeding back the epithelial barrier disruption and immune cell infiltration.
