Table 1.
Chemokine Receptors and Ligands in Immune Cell Trafficking
| Receptor | Chemokine | Distribution of Interactions | Trafficking in Liver |
|---|---|---|---|
| CC subgroup | |||
| CCR1 | CCL3, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL13–16 | monocyte, effector & memory T cell recruitment | |
| CCR2 | CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL13 | monocyte, effector & memory T cells, Th1 recruitment | |
| CCR3 | CCL5, CCL7, CCL11, CCL15–16, CCL24, CCL26 | Th2 recruitment | |
| CCR4 | CCL17, CCL22 | Th17, Th2, Treg recruitment and retention | |
| CCR5 | CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL8 | Th1, monocyte recruitment | portal veins and venules |
| CCR6 | CCL20 | all subtypes of T cells, B cell recruitment | malignancy |
| CCR7 | CCL19, CCL21 | recruitment to secondary lymphoid tissue | periportal lymph nodes |
| CCR8 | CCL1 | Th2, monocyte recruitment | |
| CCR9 | CCL25 | recruitment to GI tract | sinusoids in PSC |
| CCR10 | CCL25, CCL28 | recruitment to GI tract | bile ducts |
| CXC subgroup | |||
| CXCR1 | CXCL6, CXCL7, CXCL8 | neutrophil, monocyte recruitment | |
| CXCR2 | CXCL1–3, CXCL5–8 | neutrophil, monocyte recruitment | |
| CXCR3 | CXCL9–11 | Th1, Th17, Treg recruitment | sinusoids in non-specific liver inflammation |
| CXCR4 | CXCL12 | B cell recruitment | sinusoids and bile ducts; HCC |
| CXCR5 | CXCL13 | B cell recruitment | |
| CXCR6 | CXCL16 | NK and T cell recruitment | sinusoids and biliary epithelium |
| CX3CR1 | CX3CL1 | monocyte and NK cell recruitment | biliary epithelium in PBC |