Figure 9.

Schematic representation of the role of neuronal PGC-1α in ischemia. Ischemia induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from neurons and glia. In contrast, PGC-1α, a master regulator of mitochondrial function, is involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, and significantly up-regulates the expressions of mitochondrial antioxidants and uncoupling proteins (UCPs), thereby reducing the accumulation of ROS. Subsequently, this condition impedes glial activation, leading to decreased generation for ROS and inflammatory cytokines, and ultimately preventing from the neuronal dysfunction induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.