Table 4.
Comparison of the results of microwave-assisted extraction with other extraction methods.
| Extraction Method |
Extraction Time (min) | Extraction Yield (μg/g) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Higenamine | Liensinine | Dauricine | Isoliensinine | Neferine | ||
| SE | 480 | 659.5 ± 40.9 a | 487.1 ± 122.1 a | 1806.0 ± 327.3 a | 85.7 ± 37.5 | 1699.0 ± 165.7 a |
| HRE | 240 | 831.5 ± 62.1 b | 590.8 ± 58.0 a | 2214.4 ± 204.0 a,b | 66.5 ± 3.6 | 2226 ± 286.0 b,c |
| UAE | 30 | 671.0 ± 74.6 a | 592.3 ± 39.1 a | 2299.0 ± 147.1 a,b | 80.8 ± 24.1 | 1962.9 ± 72.1 a,b |
| MAE | 26 | 946.3 ± 86.5 b | 988.6 ± 35.2 b | 2990.0 ± 148.8 b | 115.8 ± 16.1 | 2601.5 ± 80.0 c |
Solvent: 95% (v/v) ethanol; liquid/solid ratio: 20:1 mL/g. Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Different letters indicate a significant difference at p < 0.05. SE: Soxhlet extraction; HRE: Heat reflux extraction; UAE: Ultrasound-assisted extraction; MAE: Microwave-assisted extraction.