Table 2.
Studies on taurolidine and ethanol lock for the prevention of CRBSI in adults receiving home parenteral nutrition.
| Author, Year | Study Design | Antimicrobial Solutions | Patients (N) | Study Years | Follow-Up Duration |
Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bisseling et al., 2010 [57] | RCT | TL 2% vs. HL | 30 | 2006–2008 | HL: 353 ± 51 days TL: 336 ± 51 days (mean) |
HL: 2.02 (1.1–3.8) CRBSI/1000 days TL: 0.19 (0.003–1.3) CRBSI/1000 days (p = 0.008) |
| Liu et al., 2013 [60] | M-A | TL 2% vs. HL | 431 | 2004–2013 | In total, 31 to 349 days | RR of CRBSI: 0.34 (0.21–0.55; p < 0.0001) |
| Klek et al., 2015 a [58] | RCT | TL 2% vs. TL 1.35% + citrate vs. saline | 30 | 2012–2013 | In total, 12 months | TL 2%: 0 CRBSI / 1000 days TL 1.35% + citrate: 0.273 CRBSI / 1000 days Saline: 0 CRBSI / 1000 days (p = 1.00) |
| Wouters et al., 2018 [59] | RCT | TL 2% vs. saline 0.9% | 85 | 2013–2015 | TL: 363 (119–370) days/patient Saline: 346 (109–368) days/patient (median) |
TL: 0.33 (0.11–0.76) CRBSI/1000 days Saline: 1.44 (0.85–2.23) CRBSI/1000 days Relative risk: 0.23 (0.07–0.63) (p = 0.002) |
| Tribler et al., 2017 [63] | RCT | TL 1.35% + citrate + heparin vs. HL | 41 | 2013–2014 | TL: 592 (10–756) days/patient HL: 207 (25–755) days/patient |
TL: 0 CRBSI/1000 days HL: 1 (0.4–2.07) CRBSI/1000 days (p = 0.0052) |
| Reitzel et al., 2019 [6] | M-A | TLb vs. EL 70% | 713 | 2012–2019 | - | Pre-TL: 0–6.58 CLABSI/1000 days TL: 0–1.1 CLABSI/1000 days Pre-EL: 0.32–12.7 CLABSI/1000 days. EL: 0.47–2.4 CLABSI/1000 days |
| John et al., 2012 [51] | Retrospective cohort |
EL | 31 | 2006–2009 | Total of 34 411 catheter days 27 210 catheter days before EL 7201 catheter days after EL introduction |
Pre-EL: 3.53 CRBSI/1000 days Post-EL: 1.65 CRBSI/1000 days (p= 0.011) |
| Zhang et al., 2019 [53] | M-A | EL vs. HL | 615 | 2008–2017 | - | OR: 0.53 (0.34–0.82; p = 0.004) |
RCT: randomized controlled trial; M-A: Meta-analysis; TL: taurolidine lock; EL: ethanol lock; HL: heparin lock; RR: risk ratio; OR: odds ratio, CRBSI: catheter-related bloodstream infection, CLABSI: central line-associated bloodstream infection. a The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical value of taurolidine in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition with a low infection rate. b Concentrations of taurolidine and/or citrate varied between studies.