Table 3.
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in iatrogenic CJD. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker with cut-off point, source of infection, biomarker outcome given as positive, negative, or not available (NA), sensitivity of the biomarker test (%) with concentrations (mean with standard deviation (SD)), and minimum and maximum values are indicated. Data stratification based on infection source are only disclosed as descriptive information but no subgroup analysis was performed.
| CSF Biomarker | Source of Infection | Positive | Negative | NA | Sensitivity (%) | Mean ± SD | Min-Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14-3-3 western-blot | Dura mater grafts | 17 | 3 | 0 | 85.0 | - | - |
| Growth hormone | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | - | - | |
| Corneal transplant | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | - | - | |
| Total | 20 | 3 | 0 | 87.0 | - | - | |
| 14-3-3 ELISA | Dura mater grafts | 17 | 1 | 2 | 94.4 | 94,721±65,638 | 7677-254,152 |
| (>20,000 AU/mL) | Growth hormone | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 56,120±36,753 | 36,753-75,488 |
| Corneal transplant | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 136,776 | - | |
| Total | 20 | 1 | 2 | 95.2 | 93,047±62,723 | 7677-254,152 | |
| t-tau | Dura mater grafts | 17 | 3 | 0 | 85.0 | 10,374±9983 | 510-35,280 |
| (>1300 pg/mL) | Growth hormone | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 19,356±22,299 | 3588-35124 |
| Corneal transplant | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 4833.0 | - | |
| Total | 20 | 3 | 0 | 87.0 | 10,915±10,822 | 510-35,280 | |
| p-tau/t-tau ratio | Dura mater grafts | 16 | 1 | 3 | 94.1 | 0.018±0.025 | 0.002-0.094 |
| (<0.075) | Growth hormone | 1 | 0 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.012 | - |
| Corneal transplant | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 0.013 | - | |
| Total | 18 | 1 | 4 | 94.7 | 0.018±0.024 | 0.002-0.094 | |
| a-syn | Dura mater grafts | 16 | 2 | 2 | 88.9 | 11,884±13,303 | 2075-45,698 |
| (>3300 pg/ml) | Growth hormone | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 25,905±24,158 | 8823-42,987 |
| Corneal transplant | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 14,541 | - | |
| Total | 19 | 2 | 2 | 90.5 | 13,346±14,049 | 2075-45,698 | |
| Nfl | Dura mater grafts | 15 | 3 | 2 | 83.3 | 12,900±7021 | 5311-29,856 |
| (>7000 pg/mL) | Growth hormone | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 13,347±8892 | 7060-19,635 |
| Corneal transplant | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 14541 | - | |
| Total | 18 | 3 | 2 | 85.7 | 12,986±6776 | 5311-29,856 | |
| YKL-40 | Dura mater grafts | 13 | 5 | 2 | 72.2 | 417±205 | 127-887 |
| (>315 ng/mL) | Growth hormone | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 630±303 | 416-845 |
| Corneal transplant | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 495.0 | - | |
| Total | 16 | 5 | 2 | 76.2 | 441±211 | 127-887 | |
| RT-QuIC | Dura mater grafts | 16 | 2 | 2 | 88.9 | 44,180±16,679 | 10,000-65,000 |
| (>10,000 RFU) | Growth hormone | 1 | 1 | 0 | 50.0 | 21,910±16,843 | 10,000-33,820 |
| Corneal transplant | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 24,651 | - | |
| Total | 18 | 3 | 2 | 85.7 | 41,129±17,594 | 10,000-65,000 |