Table 4.
The overview of miscellaneous small molecules with anti-HSV activity.
| Compound | Antiherpetic and Cytotoxicity Assays, Strains, Cells, and Reference Agents | Results | Additional Information | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trichobotrysin A (108) | Vero cells, HSV-1 PRA ACV IC50 3.50 μM |
IC50 3.08 μM | Deep-sea-derived fungus Trichobotrys effuse Tetramic acid derivatives |
[81] |
| Trichobotrysin B (109) | IC50 9.37 μM | |||
| Trichobotrysin D (110) | IC50 3.12 μM | |||
|
(E)-2-(2,4-hexa-diynyliden)-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]
dec-3-ene (111) |
Vero cells, HSV-1 (clinical isolate with >99% homology to isolate SK087 US4–6 genes), HSV-2 (clinical isolate >99% homology to isolate 99-62039 US4 gene) CPE, YRA Time-of-addition, adsorption inhibition, virucidal, penetration inhibition assays Macromolecular synthesis inhibition analysis ACV HSV-1 EC50 0.9 μg/mL; SI > 1000 / HSV-2 EC50 0.7 μg/mL; SI > 1000 |
EC50, SI: HSV-1/HSV-2 0.146 μg/mL; > 205 / 0.127 μg/mL; > 236 |
Tanacetum vulgare Spiroketal-enol ether derivative. Mechanism of antiviral activity elucidated on petroleum ether extract and 111 (inhibition of viral gene expression). |
[82] |
| Monogalactosyl diglyceride (112) and digalactosyl diglyceride (DGDG) | Vero cells, HSV-1, HSV-2 PRA ACV HSV-1 IC50 0.64 μg/mL and HSV-2 IC50 0.80 μg/mL |
HSV-1 IC50 36.00 μg/mL for 112 and 40.00 μg/mL for DGDG, respectively. HSV-2 IC50 41.00 μg/mL for 112 and 43.20 μg/mL for DGDG, respectively. | Clinacanthus nutans | [83] |
| Methyl (N-benzoyl-(2′R,3′S)-3′-phenylisoserinate) (113) | Vero cells, HSV-1 (MacIntyre strain) CPE ACV IC50 1 µg/mL, SI ˃ 250 |
HSV-1 IC50 10.7 µg/mL, SI ˃ 46.7 | Taxol derivatives. The activity may be associated with their influence on mitotic division. | [68] |
| N-benzoyl-(2′R,3′S)-3′-phenylisoserine (114) | HSV-1 IC50 21.7 µg/mL, SI ˃ 23 |