Zusammenfassung
In den letzten 20 Jahren ist das Thema der Infektionskrankheiten wieder in die Gesundheitsagenda zurückgekehrt und hat zur Entwicklung neuer Präventions- und Kontrollstrategien geführt, die im zunehmenden Maße darauf ausgerichtet sind, Infektionen innerhalb der Familie im häuslichen Umfeld sowie in ihrem sozialen und Arbeitsumfeld zu reduzieren. So wurde z. B. vom International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene eine Vorgehensweise entwickelt, die die „kritischen Kontrollpunkte“ identifiziert und die hygienischen Maßnahmen festgelegt, die für die Prävention der Übertragung von Infektionskrankheiten im häuslichen Umfeld notwendig sind. Zur Verhaltensänderung im öffentlichen Umfeld muss eine familienzentrierte Strategie entwickelt werden, die das Wissen über Infektionserreger und deren Weiterverbreitung verbessert sowie ein risikobasiertes Hygienemanagement einbezieht.
Schlüsselwörter: Infektionsprävention, Häusliche gezielte Hygiene, HACCP, Risikobasiertes Hygienemanagement, Familienzentrierte Strategie
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, infectious disease has moved back up the health agenda, prompting new emphasis on developing strategies for prevention and control, including reduction of spread of infection within the family at home and in their social and work lives outside the home. This paper reviews the various issues that have contributed to this trend. In response to the need for a science-based approach to home hygiene, the International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene has developed an approach based on risk management which involves identifying the critical control points for preventing the spread of infectious diseases in the home. If we are to be successful in achieving behaviour change in the community, we need to develop a family-centred approach which ensures an understanding of infectious disease agents and their mechanism of spread.
Keywords: prevention of infection, targeted home hygiene, HACCP, risk-based approach to hygiene, family-centred approach
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