Summary
Neutralizing (NT) and hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibodies to calf diarrhea coronavirus (CDCV) and hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus of swine (HEV) (strain 67 N) were detected in high proportions of normal adult cattle and pigs in Japan. Since comparison of NT and HI titers in the serum samples suggested an antigenic difference between the viruses, cross NT and HI tests of these viruses were carried out with antisera raised in rabbits. The homologous NT titers were markedly higher than the heterologous titers. In HI tests essentially the same results were obtained. These findings indicate the presence of a marked difference in antigenic make-up between CDCV and HEV. NT and HI tests can clearly differentiate the viruses, although there is some cross reaction.
Keywords: Infectious Disease, Diarrhea, Serum Sample, Encephalomyelitis, Cross Reaction
References
- 1.Inaba Y., Sato K., Kurogi H., Takahshi E., Ito Y., Omori T., Goto Y., Matumoto M. Replication of bovine coronavirus in cell line BEK-1 culture. Arch. Virol. 1976;50:339–342. doi: 10.1007/BF01317959. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 2.Mebus C. A., Stair E. L., Rhodes M. B., Twiehaus M. J. Neonatal calf diarrhea: propagation, attenuation and characteristics of a coronavirus-like agent. Amer. J. vet. Res. 1973;34:145–150. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 3.Mengeling W. L., Boothe A. D., Ritchie A. E. Characteristics of a coronavirus (strain 67N) of pigs. Amer. J. vet. Res. 1972;33:297–308. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 4.Pedersen N. C., Ward J., Mengeling W. L. Antigenic relationship of the feline infectious peritonitis virus to coronaviruses of other species. Arch. Virol. 1978;58:45–53. doi: 10.1007/BF01315534. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 5.Pensaert M. B., Callebaut P. E. Characteristics of a coronavirus causing vomition and wasting in pigs. Arch. ges. Virusforsch. 1974;44:35–50. doi: 10.1007/BF01242179. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 6.Sato K., Inaba Y., Kurogi H., Takahashi E., Satoda K., Omori T., Matumoto M. Hemagglutination by calf diarrhea coronavirus. Vet. Microbiol. 1977;2:83–87. [Google Scholar]