Résumé
Le tractus gastro-intestinal est fréquemment le siège de manifestations infectieuses chez les patients immunocompromis.
Les symptômes les plus fréquemment rencontrés sont l'odynophagie, la dysphagie et les diarrhées.
Ces affections sont plus souvent observées chez les patients HIV.
Ces affections gastro-intestinales sont de différents types: soit liées au virus HIV lui-même (entérite liée au HIV, œsophagite ulcérée idiopathique), soit liées à des germes également responsables d'infections chez les patients immunocompétents (Salmonellose, shigellose, …), soit des infections opportunistes (CMV, Mucormycose,Cryptosporidium, Mycobactéries,Isospora belli, …).
La prévalence, la pathogenèse, les manifestations cliniques, les aspects macroscopique et microscopique sont discutés pour chaque entité.
Mots-clés: HIV, infections gastro-intestinales, patients immuno-déprimés
Summary
The gastrointestinal tract is frequently involved in immunocompromised hosts. The most common digestive manifestations are dysphagia, odynophagia and diarrhea. These diseases are more frequent in patients with acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS).
These GI diseases are of several categories: HIV related inflammatory conditions (HIV related enteropathy, idiopathic esophageal ulceration), infections due to germs also commonly present in immunocompetent patients (Salmonellosis, shigellosis,…), opportunistic infections (CMV, Mucormycosis,Cryptosporidium, Mycobacterium, Isospora belli,…).
The prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, gross pathological findings and microscopic features are discussed for each entity.
Key-words: gastro-intestinal infections, immunocompromised patients, VIH
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