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. 2017 Nov 20;11(4):462–470. doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0596-6

Human monoclonal antibodies as candidate therapeutics against emerging viruses

Yujia Jin 1, Cheng Lei 1, Dan Hu 1, Dimiter S Dimitrov 2,✉, Tianlei Ying 1,✉
PMCID: PMC7088856  PMID: 29159596

Abstract

The emergence of new pathogens, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Ebola virus, poses serious challenges to global public health and highlights the urgent need for novel antiviral approaches. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been successfully used to treat various diseases, particularly cancer and immunological disorders. Antigen-specific mAbs have been isolated using several different approaches, including hybridoma, transgenic mice, phage display, yeast display, and single B-cell isolation. Consequently, an increasing number of mAbs, which exhibit high potency against emerging viruses in vitro and in animal models of infection, have been developed. In this paper, we summarize historical trends and recent developments in mAb discovery, compare the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches to mAb production, and discuss the potential use of such strategies for the development of antivirals against emerging diseases. We also review the application of recently developed human mAbs against SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and Ebola virus and discuss prospects for the development of mAbs as therapeutic agents against emerging viral diseases.

Keywords: human monoclonal antibodies, emerging infectious diseases, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, Ebola virus

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31570936, 81501735, and 81561128006), the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, and the Technology Service Platform for detecting high-level biological safety pathogenic microorganisms supported by the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (No. 15DZ2290200).

Contributor Information

Dimiter S. Dimitrov, Email: dimitrdi@mail.nih.gov

Tianlei Ying, Email: tlying@fudan.edu.cn.

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