Apparent discontinuous transcription of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface antigen genes

David A Campbell; Deborah A Thornton; John C Boothroyd

doi:10.1038/311350a0

. 1984;311(5984):350–355. doi: 10.1038/311350a0

Apparent discontinuous transcription of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface antigen genes

David A Campbell ¹, Deborah A Thornton ¹, John C Boothroyd ¹

PMCID: PMC7095118 PMID: 6090933

Abstract

The repeated mini-exon sequence that encodes the first 35 base pairs of all variant surface antigen mRNAs of Trypanosoma brucei directs the synthesis of a discrete 137-nucleotide transcript. It thus seems that variant surface antigen mRNAs are transcribed discontinuously, and we present two alternative models for how this might occur.

References

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[CR1] 1.Cross GAM, Holder AA, Allen GA, Boothroyd JC. Am. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 1980;29:393–417. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1980.29.393. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR2] 2.Englund PT, Hajduk SL, Narini JC. A. Rev. Biochem. 1982;51:695–726. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.51.070182.003403. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR3] 3.Borst P, Cross GAM. Cell. 1982;29:291–303. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90146-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR4] 4.Pays E, Lheureux M, Steinert M. Nature. 1981;292:265–267. doi: 10.1038/292265a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR5] 5.Hoeijmakers JHJ, Borst P, Van den Burg J, Weissmann C, Cross GAM. Gene. 1980;8:391–417. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(80)90043-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR6] 6.Van der Ploeg LHT. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982;10:593–609. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.2.593. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR7] 7.Capbern A, Giroud C, Baltz T, Mattern P. Expl Parasit. 1977;42:6–13. doi: 10.1016/0014-4894(77)90055-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR8] 8.Cross GAM. Parasitology. 1975;71:393–417. doi: 10.1017/S003118200004717X. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR9] 9.Hoeijmakers JHJ, Frasch ACC, Bernards A, Borst P, Cross GAM. Nature. 1980;284:78–80. doi: 10.1038/284078a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR10] 10.Pays E, Van Meirvenne N, Le Ray D, Steinert M. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1981;78:2673–2677. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.5.2673. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR11] 11.Williams RO, Marcu KB, Majiwa PAO. Nature. 1979;282:847–849. doi: 10.1038/282847a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR12] 12.Van der Ploeg LHT. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982;10:3591–3604. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.12.3591. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR13] 13.Boothroyd JC, Cross GAM. Gene. 1982;20:281–289. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90046-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR14] 14.Longacre S. Molec. cell. Biochem. 1983;3:399–409. doi: 10.1128/MCB.3.3.399. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR15] 15.Bernards A. Cell. 1981;27:497–505. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90391-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR16] 16.Van der Ploeg LHT, Bernards A, Rijsewijk FAM, Borst P. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982;10:593–609. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.2.593. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR17] 17.Michiels F. EMBO J. 1983;2:1185–1192. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01565.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR18] 18.Liu AYC, van der Ploeg LHT, Rijsewijk FAM, Borst P. J. molec. Biol. 1983;167:57–75. doi: 10.1016/S0022-2836(83)80034-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR19] 19.Campbell DA, van Bree M, Boothroyd JC. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984;12:2759–2774. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.6.2759. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR20] 20.Nelson RG. Cell. 1983;34:901–909. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90547-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR21] 21.De Lange T. Cell. 1983;34:891–900. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90546-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR22] 22.Nelson RG. Nature. 1984;308:665–667. doi: 10.1038/308665a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR23] 23.Borst P. Eur. J. Biochem. 1983;137:383–389. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1983.tb07840.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR24] 24.McDonell MW, Simon MN, Studier FW. J. molec. Biol. 1977;110:119–146. doi: 10.1016/S0022-2836(77)80102-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR25] 25.Bolivar F. Gene. 1977;2:95–113. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(77)90000-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR26] 26.Rigby PWJ, Diekmann M, Rhodes C, Berg P. J. molec. Biol. 1977;113:237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR27] 27.Grunstein M, Hogness DS. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1975;72:3961–3965. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.10.3961. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR28] 28.Twigg AJ, Sherratt D. Nature. 1980;283:216–218. doi: 10.1038/283216a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR29] 29.Berk AJ, Sharp PA. Cell. 1977;12:721–732. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90272-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR30] 30.Maniatis T, Fritsch EF, Sambrook J. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 1982. [Google Scholar]

[CR31] 31.Thomas PS. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1980;77:5201–5205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR32] 32.Tollervey D, Wise JA, Guthrie C. Cell. 1983;35:753–762. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90108-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR33] 33.Cordingley JS, Turner MJ. Molec. biochem. Parasit. 1980;1:91–96. doi: 10.1016/0166-6851(80)90003-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR34] 34.Breathnach R, Chambon P. A. Rev. Biochem. 1981;50:349–383. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.002025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR35] 35.Wise JA. Cell. 1983;35:743–751. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90107-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR36] 36.Plotch SH, Bouloy M, Ulmanen I, Krug RM. Cell. 1981;23:847–858. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90449-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR37] 37.Lamb RA, Choppin PW. A. Rev. Biochem. 1983;52:467–506. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.52.070183.002343. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR38] 38.Siddell S, Wege H, ter Meulen V. J. gen. Virol. 1983;64:761–776. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-64-4-761. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR39] 39.Baric RS, Stohlman SA, Lai MMC. J. Virol. 1983;48:633–640. doi: 10.1128/jvi.48.3.633-640.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR40] 40.Firtel RA, Lodish HF. J. molec. Biol. 1973;79:295–314. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90007-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR41] 41.Zuker C, Lodish HF. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1981;78:5386–5390. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.9.5386. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR42] 42.Davidson EH, Posakony JW. Nature. 1982;297:633–635. doi: 10.1038/297633a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR43] 43.Maxam AM, Gilbert W. Meth. Enzym. 1980;65:499–560. doi: 10.1016/S0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[CR44] 44.Sanger F, Coulson AR. FEBS Lett. 1978;87:107–110. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(78)80145-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

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Apparent discontinuous transcription of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface antigen genes

David A Campbell

Deborah A Thornton

John C Boothroyd

Abstract

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PERMALINK

Apparent discontinuous transcription of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface antigen genes

David A Campbell

Deborah A Thornton

John C Boothroyd

Abstract

References

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