DOI:10.1093/molbev/msh172
Kousuke Hanada, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, and Takashi Gojobori Mol. Biol. Evol. 21:1074–1080. 2004
Table 2 of this article should have appeared as it does below. The publisher regrets the error.
Table 2.
Synonymous Substitution Rates for RNA Viruses.
| Virus Species | Synonymous Substitution Rate | Natural Host (Transmission Mode) | Acute Infection | Persistent Infection | Latent Infection | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enterovirus | ||||||||||||||
| Human enterovirus A | 1.00 × 10−2, (0.99–2.01) × 10−2 | Human (fecal-oral route) | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||
| Human enterovirus B | 3.65 × 10−3, (3.60–7.82) × 10−3 | Human (fecal-oral route) | ○ | |||||||||||
| Human poliovirus | 2.56 × 10−2, (2.56–2.57) × 10−2 | Human (fecal-oral route) | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||
| Swine vesicular disease virus | 2.95 × 10−3, (2.85–8.65) × 10−3 | Pig (fecal-oral route) | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||
| Hepatovirus | ||||||||||||||
| Human hepatitis A virus | 1.30 × 10−3, (1.27–1.33) × 10−3 | Human (fecal-oral route) | ○ | |||||||||||
| Togaviridae | ||||||||||||||
| Alphavirus | ||||||||||||||
| Eastern equine encephalitis virus | 3.25 × 10−4, (3.03–3.51) × 10−4 | Birds (via vector [tick]) | ○ | |||||||||||
| Rubivirus | ||||||||||||||
| Rubella virus | 2.64 × 10−3, (2.63–2.65) × 10−3 | Human (aerosol infection) | ○ | |||||||||||
| Coronaviridae | ||||||||||||||
| Coronavirus | ||||||||||||||
| Bovine coronavirus | 1.20 × 10−3, (1.13–1.43) × 10−3 | Cattle (aerosol infection) | ○ | |||||||||||
| Arteriviridae | ||||||||||||||
| Arterivirus | ||||||||||||||
| Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus | 6.21 × 10−2, (6.01–7.81) × 10−2 | Pig (aerosol infection) | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||
| Equine arteritis virus | 5.20 × 10−3, (4.80–7.20) × 10−3 | Horse (aerosol infection) | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||
| Negative stranded ss RNA viruses | ||||||||||||||
| Arenaviridae | ||||||||||||||
| Arenavirus | ||||||||||||||
| Junin virus* | 5.06 × 10−3, (5.02–5.10) × 10−3 | Rodents (fecal-oral route) | ○ | |||||||||||
| Bunyaviridae | ||||||||||||||
| Hantavirus | ||||||||||||||
| Puumala virus | 5.21 × 10−5, (5.19–7.30) × 10−5 | Rodents (fecal-oral route) | ○ | |||||||||||
| Nairovirus | ||||||||||||||
| Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus | 1.23 × 10−3, (1.23–1.24) × 10−3 | Human (via vector [tick]) | ○ | |||||||||||
* Junin virus induces a latent infection in rodents. However, the virus does not induce such the infection mode in human. In fact, the data used here were the data of the virus strains isolated from human. Therefore, the infectious mode was used for human.