Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Elsevier - PMC COVID-19 Collection logoLink to Elsevier - PMC COVID-19 Collection
. 1999 May 10;51(3):197–206. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(96)00017-X

Feline calicivirus strain differentiation using monoclonal antibody analysis in an enzyme-linked immuno-flow-assay

F McArdle a,e,∗, S Dawson a,e, MJ Carter b, ID Milton f, PC Turner c, J Meanger d, M Bennett e, RM Gaskell a
PMCID: PMC7117337  PMID: 8870183

Abstract

Six monoclonal antibodies raised against feline calicivirus (FCV) strain F9 were used in an enzyme-linked immuno-flow-assay (ELIFA) to analyse 55 isolates of FCV. Forty seven field isolates were obtained from cats with acute oral/respiratory disease, chronic oral lesions, and from cats showing vaccine reactions, i.e. clinical signs of FCV infection shortly after vaccination. Eight reference strains including F9 and three vaccine strains based on F9 were also examined. All of the strains of F9, derived from various sources, reacted with all six of the monoclonal antibodies, whereas some of the field isolates did not react with any. In general, the field isolates showed a spectrum of reactivities and selected isolates could be distinguished. However, there were no clear cut differences between the clinical groups. Overall, the oral/respiratory group showed less reactivity with the monoclonals, suggesting they were less related to F9. Although the other groups appeared to be more closely related to F9, none of the isolates reacted with all six monoclonal antibodies.

Keywords: Feline calicivirus, Cat, Monoclonal antibodies, Serology, Typing, Respiratory disease

References

  1. Bennett D., Gaskell R.M., Mills A., Knowles J.O., Carter S., McArdle F. Detection of feline calicivirus antigens in the joints of infected cats. Vet. Record. 1989;124:329–332. doi: 10.1136/vr.124.13.329. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bittle J.L., York C.H., Newberne J.W., Martin M. Serologic relationship of new feline cytopathogenic viruses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 1990;21:547–550. [Google Scholar]
  3. Carter M.J. Feline calicivirus protein synthesis investigated by Western blotting. Arch. Virol. 1989;108:69–79. doi: 10.1007/BF01313744. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dawson S. Liverpool University; 1991. Studies on feline calicivirus and its role in feline disease. (Ph.D. Thesis). [Google Scholar]
  5. Dawson S., McArdle F., Bennett D., Carter S.D., Bennett M., Ryvar R., Gaskell R.M. Investigation of vaccine reactions and breakdowns after feline calicivirus vaccination. Vet. Record. 1993;132:346–350. doi: 10.1136/vr.132.14.346. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dawson S., McArdle F., Bennett M., Carter M.J., Milton I.P., Turner P., Meanger J., Gaskell R.M. Typing of feline calicivirus isolates from different clinical groups by virus neutralisation tests. Vet. Record. 1993;133:13–17. doi: 10.1136/vr.133.1.13. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dawson S., Bennett D., Carter S.D., Bennett M., Meanger J., Turner P.C., Carter M.J., Milton I.D., Gaskell R.M. Acute arthritis of cats associated with feline calicivirus infection. Res. Vet. Sci. 1994;56:133–143. doi: 10.1016/0034-5288(94)90095-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gaskell R.M., Dawson S. In: Feline medicine and therapeutics. 2nd ed. Chandler E.A., Gaskell C.J., Gaskell R.M., editors. Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1994. p. 453. [Google Scholar]
  9. Kahn D.E., Hoover E.A., Bittle J.L. Induction of immunity to feline caliciviral disease. Infect. Immun. 1975;11:1003–1009. doi: 10.1128/iai.11.5.1003-1009.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kalunda M., Lee K.M., Holmes D.F., Gillespie J.H. Serologic classfication of feline calicivirus by plaque reduction neutralisation and immunodiffusion. Am. J. Vet. Res. 1975;36:353. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Knowles J.O., Gaskell R.M., Gaskell C.J., Harvey C.E., Lutz H. Prevalence of feline calicivirus, feline leukaemia virus and antibodies to FIV in cats with chronic stomatitis. Vet. Record. 1989;124:336–338. doi: 10.1136/vr.124.13.336. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Milton I.D., Turner J., Teelan A., Gaskell R.M., Turner P.C., Carter M.J. Location of monoclonal antibody binding sites in the capsid protein of feline calivirus. J. Gen. Virol. 1992;73:2435–2439. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-73-9-2435. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Omerod E., Jarrett O. A classification of feline calicivirus isolates based on plaque morphology. J. Gen. Virol. 1978;39:537–540. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-39-3-537. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Pedersen N.C., Laliberte L., Ekman S. A transient febrile limping syndrome of kittens caused by two different strains of feline calicivirus. Feline Practice. 1983;13:26–35. [Google Scholar]
  15. Povey R.C. University of Bristol; 1970. Studies on viral respiratory disease of cats. (Ph.D. Thesis). [Google Scholar]
  16. Povey R.C., Wardley R.C., Jessen H. Feline picornavirus infection: the in vivo carrier state. Vet. Record. 1973;92:224–229. doi: 10.1136/vr.92.9.224. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Povey R.C. Serologic relationships among feline caliciviruses. Infect. Immun. 1974;10:1307–1314. doi: 10.1128/iai.10.6.1307-1314.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Povey R.C., Hale C.J. Experimental infection with feline calicivirus (picornaviruses) in specificpathogen-free cats. J. Comp. Path. 1974;84:245–255. doi: 10.1016/0021-9975(74)90065-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Shin Y., Toyah Y., Oshtkamo R., Kawaguchi Y., Tomonaga K., Miyazawa T., Kai C., Mikami T. Antigenic analysis of feline calicivirus capsid precursor protein and its deleted polypeptides produced in a mamalian cDNA expression system. Virus Res. 1993;30:17–26. doi: 10.1016/0168-1702(93)90012-c. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Tenorio A.P., Franti C.E., Madewell B.R., Pedersen N.C. Chronic oral infections of cats and their relationship to persistent oral carriage of feline calici-, immunodeficiency, or leukaemia viruses. Vet. Immunol. and Immunopath. 1991;29:1–14. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(91)90048-h. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Thompson R.R., Wilcox G.E., Clark W.T., Jansen K.L. Association of calicivirus infection with chronic gingivitis and pharyngitis in cats. J. Small Anim. Pract. 1984;25:207–210. [Google Scholar]
  22. Tohya Y., Taniguchi Y., Tsubakimoto M. Preparation and characterisation of neutralising monoclonal antibodies to feline calicivirus. Jap. J. Vet. Sci. 1990;52:251–256. doi: 10.1292/jvms1939.52.251. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Tohya Y., Masuoka K., Takahashi E., Mikami T. Neutralising epitopes of feline calicivirus. Arch. Virol. 1991;117:173–181. doi: 10.1007/BF01310763. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Veterinary Microbiology are provided here courtesy of Elsevier

RESOURCES