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. 2016 Apr 7;25(Suppl 2):53–61. [Article in French] doi: 10.1007/s13546-016-1188-1

La modulation de la signature transcriptomique de l’hôte infecté : une nouvelle stratégie thérapeutique dans les viroses graves ? Exemple de la grippe

Modulation of transcriptomic signature of the infected host: a new therapeutic strategy for the management of severe viral infections? Example of the flu

J Poissy 1,2,✉, O Terrier 3, B Lina 3,4, J Textoris 5,6, M Rosa-Calatrava 3
PMCID: PMC7117810  PMID: 32288744

Résumé

Ces dernières décennies ont été marquées par l’émergence ou la réémergence de virus responsables d’épidémies ou de pandémies plus ou moins sévères. Les stratégies préventives sont prises à défaut, et l’arsenal antiviral curatif est limité d’autant plus que les résistances virales peuvent apparaître rapidement. Par ailleurs, le développement de nouvelles molécules nécessite un délai incompatible avec la réponse rapide nécessaire lors d’une épidémie d’envergure ou d’une pandémie. C’est la raison pour laquelle de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques sont nécessaires. Un concept novateur est le repositionnement de molécules déjà sur le marché en exploitant leur capacité à inverser la réponse transcriptomique cellulaire de l’hôte infecté. En identifiant des molécules qui visent l’hôte et non le virus, cette stratégie permet d’avoir un large spectre d’action et d’être potentiellement actif sur de nouveaux variants. La mise en place de cette stratégie nécessite de caractériser les réponses cellulaires spécifiques de l’infection virale d’intérêt, de cribler in silico des molécules candidates, de les tester sur modèles cellulaires et animaux, avant d’envisager des essais cliniques chez l’homme. Nous présenterons cette démarche en prenant pour exemple l’infection grippale.

Mots clés: Viroses, Grippe, Transcriptome, Repositionnement de médicaments

Footnotes

J. Textoris et M. Rosa-Calatrava sont “equally contributing authors” sur cet article.

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