The content is available as a PDF (778.2 KB).
Contributor Information
Stanley Perlman, Email: Stanley-Perlman@uiowa.edu
Kathryn V. Holmes, Email: Kathryn.Holmes@ucHSC.edu
References
- 1.Phillips JJ, Chua MM, Lavi E, Weiss SR. Pathogenesis of chimeric MHV4/MHV-A59 recombinant viruses: the murine coronavirus spike protein is a major determinant of neurovirulence. J. Virol. 1999;73:7752–7760. doi: 10.1128/jvi.73.9.7752-7760.1999. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 2.Navas S, Seo SH, Chua MM, Sarma JD, Lavi E, Hingley ST, Weiss SR. Murine coronavirus spike protein determines the ability of the virus to replicate in the liver and cause hepatitis. J. Virol. 2001;75:2452–2457. doi: 10.1128/JVI.75.5.2452-2457.2001. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 3.Navas S, Weiss SR. Murine coronavirus-induced hepatitis: JHM genetic background eliminates A59 spike-determined hepatotropism. J. Virol. 2003;77:4972–4978. doi: 10.1128/JVI.77.8.4972-4978.2003. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 4.Kuo L, Godeke GJ, Raamsman MJ, Masters PS, Rottier PJ. Retargeting of coronavirus by substitution of the spike glycoprotein ectodomain: crossing the host cell species barrier. J. Virol. 2000;74:1393–1406. doi: 10.1128/JVI.74.3.1393-1406.2000. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 5.Ontiveros E, Kuo L, Masters PS, Perlman S. Inactivation of expression of gene 4 of mouse hepatitis virus strain JHM does not affect virulence in the murine CNS. Virology. 2001;289:230–238. doi: 10.1006/viro.2001.1167. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 6.Reed LJ, Muench H. A simple method of estimating fifty per cent points. Am. J. Hygiene. 1938;27:493–497. [Google Scholar]
- 7.Haring J, Perlman S. Mouse hepatitis virus. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2001;4:462–446. doi: 10.1016/S1369-5274(00)00236-8. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 8.Matthews AE, Weiss SR, Paterson Y. Murine hepatitis virus--a model for virus-induced CNS demyelination. J. Neurovirol. 2002;8:76–85. doi: 10.1080/13550280290049534. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 9.Das Sarma J, Fu L, Tsai JC, Weiss SR, Lavi E. Demyelination determinants map to the spike glycoprotein gene of coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus. J. Virol. 2000;74:9206–9213. doi: 10.1128/JVI.74.19.9206-9213.2000. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 10.Gallagher TM, Buchmeier MJ. Coronavirus spike proteins in viral entry and pathogenesis. Virology. 2001;279:371–374. doi: 10.1006/viro.2000.0757. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 11.Ziebuhr J. The coronavirus replicase. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 2005;287:57–94. doi: 10.1007/3-540-26765-4_3. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 12.Sperry S, Kazi L, Graham R, Baric R, Weiss S, Denison M. Single amino acid substitutions in non-structural ORF1b-nsp14 and ORF2a 30kDa proteins of the murine coronavirus MHV-A59 are attenuating in mice. J. Virol. 2005;79:1–3400. doi: 10.1128/JVI.79.6.3391-3400.2005. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]