Table 2.

Activity of Sinupret ^® preparations (oral drops and dry extract) against DNA and RNA viruses.

Virus	Virus assay	Cell culture	Oral drops	Dry extract	p
			EC50 (μg/ml)
RNA-virus (enveloped)
Influenza A, Chile 1/83 (H1N1) virus (FluA)	PFU	MDCK	>120	124.8a	n.c.
Porcine Influenza A/California/07/2009 (pFluA)	PFU	MDCK	n.t.	43.4a	n.c.
Parainfluenza type 3 virus (Para 3)	PFU	MDCK	>120	>100	n.c.
Respiratory syncytial virus, strain long (RSV)	PFU ELISA	HEp-2	20.7 34.0	10.4 21.0	<0.001 <0.001
RNA-virus (non-enveloped)
Rhinovirus B subtype 14 (HRV 14)	PFU	HeLa	73.1	50.5	>0.05
Coxsackievirus subtype A9 (CA9)	PFU	BGM	86.6	>100	n.c.
DNA-virus (non-enveloped)
Adenovirus C subtype 5 (Adeno 5)	CPE ELISA	HEp-2	66.4 40.6	13.8 10.0	<0.001 <0.001

EC₅₀, concentration that inhibits the viral acitivity by 50%; n.c., not calculated (Inhibition in the maximum concentration for at least one preparation lower than 50%); n.t., not tested; p, significance (dry extract vs. oral drops).

Relative to virus addition to cells different concentrations of Sinupret^® were added 1 h after infection and left on throughout the incubation period. The antiviral activity was determined in plaque-reduction assays (PFU) for FluA, pFluA, Para 3, RSV, HRV 14 and CA9 or with the analyses of a cytopathogenic effect (CPE) for Adeno 5. In addition for RSV and Adeno 5 data were ascertained by ELISA. The relative inhibition by Sinupret^® was standardised by the virus control representing 100% infectivity (0% inhibition). The table shows the concentration-dependent anti-viral effect of Sinupret^® by using a therapeutic protocol calculated as a 50% effective concentration (EC₅₀). All data are based on means of two (Adeno 5 CPE, RSV PFU, pFluA, repetition of FluA) or three (FLuA, Para 3, HRV 14, CA9, Adeno 5 ELISA and RSV ELISA) replicates derived from two independent experiments.

^aAdditional test with higher concentrations of dry extract used.