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. 2013 Apr 5;59(1):31–40. [Article in Spanish] doi: 10.1016/S1695-4033(03)78145-4

Adecuación del tratamiento de la faringoamigdalitis aguda a la evidencia científica

Appropriateness of treatment of acute pharyngotonsillitis according tothe scientific evidence

C Ochoa Sangrador a,*, M Vilela Fernández b, M Cueto Baelo c, JMa Eiros Bouza c, L Inglada Galiana d; el Grupo Español de Estudio de los Tratamientos Antibióticos
PMCID: PMC7129508  PMID: 12887871

Abstract

Objetivos

Analizar la idoneidad de los hábitos de prescripción de antibióticos en los pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados de faringoamigdalitis aguda

métodos

Estudio descriptivo de una serie de pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados de faringoamigdalitis aguda en los servicios de urgencias de 11 hospitales españoles. Estudio de idoneidad mediante la elaboración de estándares de referencia de uso apropiado y comparación de los datos del estudio descriptivo con tales estándares

Resultados

Se revisan 1.716 casos diagnosticados de faringoamigdalitis aguda. En el 80,9% de ellas se prescribieron antibióticos, en su mayoría siguiendo criterios empíricos. Los antibióticos más empleados fueron: amoxicilina (36,0 %), amoxicilina-ácido clavulánico (22,5 %), cefixima (6,6 %), azitromicina (5,8 %) y cefuroxima (5,2 %). El 39,5 % correspondían a menores de 3 años, de los que el 75,9% recibieron tratamiento empírico. El 22,8 % de las prescripciones se clasificaron como de primera elección, el 22,4% de uso alternativo y el 54,8 % inapropiadas

Conclusiones

En la mayoría de las faringoamigalitis se prescribió tratamiento antibiótico y en casi todos los casos se hizo de forma empírica. Además de la prescripción de antibióticos, en una proporción muy superior a la prevista de amigdalitis bacterianas, en un número no despreciable de casos se indicaron otros antibióticos diferentes a los considerados idóneos para esta enfermedad

Palabras clave: Faringitis, Amigdalitis, Antibióticos, Patrones de práctica médica, Calidad asistencial, Medicina basada en la evidencia

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