Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Elsevier - PMC COVID-19 Collection logoLink to Elsevier - PMC COVID-19 Collection
. 2004 Sep 23;106(1):61–72. doi: 10.1016/0021-9975(92)90068-6

Pathogenicity and antigen detection of the Nouzilly strain of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus, in 1-week-old piglets

MJ Cubero a,1, S Bernard ∗, L Leon a, P Berthon ∗, A Contreras a
PMCID: PMC7130429  PMID: 1313460

Abstract

We compared the pathogenicity and the sites of multiplication of the attenuated Nouzilly strain, with the highly passaged Purdue-115 and the virulent Gep II strains of transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) coronavirus, in 1-week-old weaned piglets. The immunohistochemical peroxidase technique, with an antiviral nucleoprotein monoclonal antibody, was used for the localization of the multiplication sites, in the intestine and other organs. The Gep II and the Purdue-115 strains, administered orally to piglets, caused clinical signs and lesions of TGE. These strains multiplied within the intestinal tract in the enterocytes of the jejunum and ileum, Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes. In view of the small numbers of infected cells in the tonsils, spleen, kidney, liver and lung, these tissues are not considered to be preferential multiplication sites. The attenuated Nouzilly strain multiplies only in the ileum and the mesenteric lymph nodes. The variation in the tropism for particular parts of the intestine (with the preferential localization of the virus in the ileum rather than the jejunum), could be related to the high degree of attenuation of the Nouzilly strain.

References

  1. Aynaud J.M., Bernard S., Bottreau E., Lantier I., Salmon H., Vannier P. Induction of lactogenic immunity to transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine using an attenuated coronavirus mutant able to survive in the physicochemical environment of the digestive tract. Veterinary Microbiology. 1991;26:227–239. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(91)90016-9. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Aynaud J.M., Nguyen T.D., Bottreau E., Brun A., Vannier P. Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) of swine: survivor selection of TGE virus mutants in stomach juice of adult pigs. Journal of General Virology. 1985;66:1911–1917. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-66-9-1911. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bachmann P.A., Hess R.G. Attempts to develop immunoprophylaxis for transmissible gastroenteritis of swine. II. Immunogenicity of strain B1 after serial passages. Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin B. 1978;25:52–61. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bernard S., Lantier I., Laude H., Aynaud J.M. Detection of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus antigents by a sandwich ELISA assay technique. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 1986;47:2441–2444. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bernard S., Shirai J., Lantier I., Bottreau E., Aynaud J.M. Lactogenic immunity to transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) of swine induced by the attenuated Nouzilly strain of TGE virus: Passive protection of piglets and detection of serum and milk antibody classes by ELISA. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 1990;24:37–47. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(90)90076-5. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bohl E.H. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (Classical enteritic variant) In: Pensaert M.B., editor. Virus Infection of Porcines. Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V; 1989. pp. 139–165. [Google Scholar]
  7. Bohl E.H., Gupta R.K., Olquin M.V., Saif L.J. Antibody responses in serum, colostrum and milk of swine after infection or vaccination with transmissible gastroenteritis virus. Infection and Immunity. 1972;6:289–301. doi: 10.1128/iai.6.3.289-301.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Chu R.D., Glock R.D., Ross R.F. Application of peroxidase antiperoxidase staining technique for detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in pigs. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 1982;43:77–81. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Frederick G.T., Bohl E.H., Cross R.F. Pathogenicity of an attenuated strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus for newborn pigs. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 1976;37:165–169. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Furuuchi S., Shimizu Y., Kumagai T. Multiplication of low and high cell culture passaged strains of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in organs of newborn piglets. Veterinary Microbiology. 1979;3:169–178. [Google Scholar]
  11. Furuuchi S., Shimizu Y., Kumagai T. Comparison of properties between virulent and attenuated strains of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. National Institute of Animal Health Quarterly. 1975;15:159–164. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Harada K., Furuuchi S., Kumagai T., Sasahara J. Pathogenicity, immunogenicity and distribution of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in pigs. National Institute of Animal Health Quarterly. 1969;9:185–192. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hess R.G., Bachmann P.A., Hänichen T. Attempts to develop immuno-prophylaxis for transmissible gastroenteritis of swine. I. Pathogenicity of the B1 strain after serial passages. Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin B. 1977;24:753–763. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hooper B.E., Haelterman E.O. Concepts of pathogenesis and passive immunity in transmissible gastroenteritis in swine. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 1966;149:1580–1586. [Google Scholar]
  15. Ingh van Den H., Bara J., Cornelisse C.J., Nap M. Aneuploidy and expression of gastric-associated mucus antigens M1 and CEA in colorectal adenomas. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1987;87:174–179. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/87.2.174. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kemeny L.J., Wiltsey V.L., Riley J.L. Upper respiratory infection of lactating sows with transmissible gastroenteritis virus following contact exposure to infected piglets. Cornell Veterinarian. 1975;65:352–362. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Laude H., Chapsal J.M., Gelfi J., Labiau S., Grosclaude J. Antigenic structure of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. I. Properties of monoclonal antibodies directed against virion proteins. Journal of General Virology. 1986;67:119–130. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-67-1-119. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Laude H., Charley B., Gelfi J. Replication of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV) in swine alveolar macrophages. Journal of General Virology. 1984;65:327–332. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-65-2-327. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Moon H.W., Norman J.O., Lambert G. Age dependent resistance to transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (TGE). I Clinical signs and some mucosal dimensions in the small intestine. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine and Veterinary Science. 1973;37:157–166. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Morilla A., Ristic M. Immunologic discrepancy between intestinal and cell culture viruses of transmissible gastroenteritis of swine. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 1973;34:1533–1538. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Motovski A., Belopopska P., Surtmadzhiev K., Aleksieva B., Aleksandrov M. Detection of a transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus by an immuno-fluorescent contrast technique. Veterinarnomeditsinski Nauki. 1985;22:9–14. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Moxley R.A., Olson L.R. Lesions of transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection in experimentally inoculated pigs sucking immunized sows. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 1989;50:708–716. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Nguyen T.D., Bernard S., Bottreau E., Lantier I., Aynaud J.M. Etude comparée de trois souches du coronavirus de la gastroentérite transmissible: conditions de la réplication virale et de la synthèse des antigènes structuraux. Annale de l'Institut Pasteur/Virologie. 1987;138:315–330. doi: 10.1016/S0769-2617(87)80018-7. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. O'Toole D., Brown I., Bridges A., Cartwright S.F. Pathogenicity of experimental infection with “pneumoenteric” porcine coronavirus. Research in Veterinary Science. 1989;47:23–29. doi: 10.1016/S0034-5288(18)31226-8. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Pensaert M.B., Burnstein T., Haelterman E.O. Cell culture-adapted SH strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in pigs. In vitro and in vivo studies. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 1970;31:771–781. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Pensaert M.B., Haelterman E.O., Burnstein T. Transmissible gastroenteritis of swine. I. Immunofluorescence, histopathology and virus production in the small intestine through the course of infection. Archiv für die gesamte Virusforschung. 1970;32:321–334. doi: 10.1007/BF01253767. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Saif L.J., Bohl E.H. Role of secretory IgA in passive immunity of swine to enteric viral infections. In: Ogra P.L., Dayton D., editors. Immunology of breast milk. Raven Press; New York: 1979. pp. 237–248. [Google Scholar]
  28. Underdahl N.R., Mebus C.A., Torres-Medina A. Recovery of transmissible gastroenteritis virus from chronically infected experimental pigs. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 1975;36:1473–1476. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Welch S.W., Saif L.J. Monoclonal antibodies to a virulent strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus: comparison of reactivity with virulent and attenuated virus. Archives of Virology. 1988;101:221–235. doi: 10.1007/BF01311003. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Comparative Pathology are provided here courtesy of Elsevier

RESOURCES