Fig. 4.

Direct prediction of impaired cardiac function. Panels a to c show receiver operator characteristics curves for predicting reduced LVEF (<50%), impaired GLS (<16%), and the presence of myocardial fibrosis. Supervised machine learning models were successful in predicting these outcomes with the texture features extracted from still ultrasound images.

LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; GLS, global longitudinal strain; ROC AUC, area under the curve; Accu, accuracy; Sens, sensitivity; Spec, specificity; F-1, F1 score.