Figure 1.

Ethanol extract of Prunellae Spica (EPS) induces cytotoxic effect in human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). (A) hiPSCs were seeded on 24-well culture plates and treated with the indicated concentrations of EPS up to 100 µg/mL. After 24 h, viable cells were measured using the CCK-8 assay and relative cell viability compared with EPS-untreated control hiPSCs was calculated. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. (B) hiPSCs and human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs) were treated with 10, 25, and 50 µg/mL EPS for 24 h and cell morphology was observed under an inverted microscope. (C) hiPSC were assembled to spheroids on ultra-low attachment 96-well U-bottomed plates and incubated in the presence or absence of 10, 25, and 50 µg/mL EPS from day 0 (a) or day 2 (b). Spheroids were photographed at day 5 post-treatment and relative spheroid area compared with EPS-untreated control hiPSCs was determined using Image J software. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD from triplicate samples. ** p < 0.01 vs. EPS-untreated control.