Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Elsevier - PMC COVID-19 Collection logoLink to Elsevier - PMC COVID-19 Collection
. 2001 Jun 3;2000(327):49–55. [Article in French] doi: 10.1016/S0338-9898(00)80227-9

Immunité innée et cognitive aux interfaces muqueuses

Marie-Christine Béné a,∗, Gilbert C Faure a
PMCID: PMC7148752

Abstract

Mucosal epithelial interfaces, essential for a proper interaction of the individual with the environment of the digestive, respiratory or reproductive tracts, are protected by a powerful immune system that appears more and more sophisticated and controlled. This system involves the newly described cells and molecules of innate immunity, which appear phylogenetically highly conserved. Mucosae are moreover seeded by immunocompetent cells (antigen presenting cells, B and T lymphocytes), that traffic between the major inductive sites of Peyer's patches, and diversified effector sites. These cells elaborate original effector and regulatory molecules (secretory IgA, cytokines, chemokines).

This complex and tightly controlled system is usually quite silent. Specific pathologies may however develop, the exploration of which being progressively more possible. Increasing knowledge about the mucosae associated immune system suggests that new treatments with mucosal impact should develop in the future.

Keywords: Mucosal immunity - innate immunity - secretory IgA - TH3 - pathophysiology

Contributor Information

Marie-Christine Béné, Email: bene@grip.u-nancy.fr.

Gilbert C. Faure, Email: bene@grip.u-nancy.fr.

Références

  • 1.Abreu-Martin M.T., Targan S.R. Lamina propria lymphocytes: a unique population of mucosal lymphocytes. In: Kagnoff M.F., Kiyono H., editors. Academic press; San Diego: 1998. pp. 227–245. (Essentials of mucosal immunology). [Google Scholar]
  • 2.Beagley K.W., Elson C.O. Cells and cytokines in mucosal immunity and inflammation. Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. 1992;21:347–366. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 3.Belley A., Keller K., Gottke M., Chadee K. Intestinal mucins in colonization and host defense against pathogens. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1999;60:10–15. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.10. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 4.Berg R.D. The indigenous gastrointestinal microflora. Trends Microbiol. 1996;4:430–435. doi: 10.1016/0966-842x(96)10057-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 5.Bevins C.L., Martin-Porter E., Ganz T. Defensins and innate host defence of the gastrointestinal tract. Gut. 1999;45:911–915. doi: 10.1136/gut.45.6.911. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 6.Blum S., Alvarez S., Haller D., Perez P., Schiffrin E.J. Intestinal microflora and the interaction with immunocompetent cells. 1999;76:199–205. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 7.Bouvet J.P., Fischetti V.A. Diversity of antibody-mediated immunity at the mucosal barrier. Infect. Immun. 1999;67:2687–2691. doi: 10.1128/iai.67.6.2687-2691.1999. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 8.Boyaka P.N., Lillard J.W., Jr, McGhee J. Interleukin 12 and innate molecules for enhanced mucosal immunity. Immunol. Res. 1999;20:207–217. doi: 10.1007/BF02790404. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 9.Brandtzaeg P. Regionalized immune function of tonsils and adenoids. Immunol. Today. 1999;20:383–384. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5699(99)01498-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 10.Brandtzaeg P., Farstad I.N., Johansen F.E., Morton H.C., Norderhaug I.N., Yamanaka T. The B-cell system of human mucosae and exocrine glands. Immunol. Rev. 1999;171:45–87. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.1999.tb01342.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 11.Butcher E.C., Williams M., Youngman K., Rott L., Briskin M. Lymphocyte trafficking and regional immunity. Adv. Immunol. 1999;72:209–253. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60022-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 12.Campbell N., Yio X.Y., So L.P., Li Y., Mayer L. The intestinal epithelial cell: processing and presentation of antigen to the mucosal immune system. Immunol. Rev. 1999;172:315–324. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1999.tb01375.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 13.Corthesy B., Kraehenbuhl J.P. Antibody-mediated protection of mucosal surfaces. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 1999;236:93–111. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-59951-4_6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 14.Czerkinsky C., Anjuere F., McGhee J.R., George-Chandy A., Holmgren J., Kieny M.P., Fujiyashi K., Mestecky J.F., Pierrefite-Carle V., Rask C., Sun J.B. Mucosal immunity and tolerance: relevance to vaccine development. Immunol. Rev. 1999;170:197–222. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.1999.tb01339.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 15.Di Leo A., Messa C., Russo F., Linsalata M., Amati L., Caradonna L., Pece S., Pellegrino N.M., Caccavo D., Antonaci S., Jirillo E. Helicobacter pylori infection and host cell responses. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 1999;21:803–846. doi: 10.3109/08923979909007143. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 16.Donnet-Hughes A., Duc N., Serrant P., Vidal K., Schiffrin E.J. Bioactive molecules in milk and their role in health and disease: the role of transforming growth factor-beta. Immunol. Cell. Biol. 2000;78:74–79. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1711.2000.00882.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 17.Ermak T.H., Giannasca P.J. Microparticle targeting to M cells. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 1998;34:261–283. doi: 10.1016/s0169-409x(98)00043-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 18.Hanson L.A. Breastfeeding provides passive and likely long-lasting active immunity. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1998;81:523–533. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62704-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 19.Hein W.R. Organization of mucosal lymphoid tissue. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 1999;236:1–15. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-59951-4_1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 20.Hershberg R.M., Mayer L.F. Antigen processing and presentation by intestinal epithelial cells - polarity and complexity. Immunol. Today. 2000;21:123–128. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5699(99)01575-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 21.Janoff E.N., Scamurra R.W., Sanneman T.C., Eidman K., Thurn J.R. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and mucosal humoral defense. J. Infect. Dis. 1999;179:S475–S479. doi: 10.1086/314813. (Suppl 3) [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 22.Koerner F.C., Mattia A.R. Mammary lymphoid tissue: a unique component of the mucosal immune system. Anat. Pathol. 1996;1:53–67. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 23.Kohler C. Les épithéliums. 1995 http://www.spieao.u-nancy.fr/serveur-fac/Epithelium/epitheToC.html (22/8/2000) [Google Scholar]
  • 24.Kohne G., Schneider T., Zeitz M. Special features of the intestinal lymphocytic system. Bailliéres Clin. Gastroenterol. 1996;10:427–442. doi: 10.1016/s0950-3528(96)90051-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 25.Lamm M.E. Current concepts in mucosal immunity. IV. How epithelial transport of IgA antibodies relates to host defense. Am. J. Physiol. 1998;274:G614–G617. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1998.274.4.g614. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 26.Lees O., Béné M.C., les membres du GEIL Immunophénotypage des leucocytes. Clusters de différenciation humains. Application à la caractérisation des hémopathies. Biotem éditions. 1998 (http://www.biotem.com) [Google Scholar]
  • 27.Lehner T., Bergmeier L., Wang Y., Tao L., Mitchell E. A rational basis for mucosal vaccination against HIV infection. Immunol. Rev. 1999;170:183–196. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1999.tb01338.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 28.Lehrer S.B., Wild L.G., Bost K.L., Sorensen R.U. Immunotherapy for food allergies. Past, present, future. Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol. 1999;17:361–381. doi: 10.1007/BF02737616. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 29.Lycke N. T cell and cytokine regulation of the IgA response. Chem. Immunol. 1998;71:209–234. doi: 10.1159/000058712. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 30.MacDonald T.T. Effector and regulatory lymphoid cells and cytokines in mucosal sites. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 1999;236:113–135. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-59951-4_7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 31.Mason C.M., Nelson S. Pulmonary host defenses. Implications for therapy. Clin. Chest Med. 1999;20:475–488. doi: 10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70229-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 32.Mestecky J., Fultz P.N. Mucosal immune system of the human genital tract. J. Infect. Dis. 1999;179:S470–S474. doi: 10.1086/314806. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 33.Mestecky J., Russell M.W., Elson C.O. Intestinal IgA: novel views on its function in the defence of the largest mucosal surface. Gut. 1999;44:2–5. doi: 10.1136/gut.44.1.2. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 34.Montagne P.M., Tregoat V.S., Cuilliere M.L., Bene M.C., Faure G.C. Measurement of nine human milk proteins by nephelometric immunoassays: application to the determination of mature milk protein profile. Clin. Biochem. 2000;33:181–186. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9120(00)00059-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 35.Morton H.C., van Egmond M., van de Winkel J.G. Structure and function of human IgA Fc receptors (Fc alpha R) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 1996;16:423–440. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 36.Mostov K.E., Verges M., Altschuler Y. Membrane traffic in polarized epithelial cells. Curr. Opin. Cell. Biol. 2000;12:483–490. doi: 10.1016/s0955-0674(00)00120-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 37.Nanno M., Kanamori Y., Saito H., Kawaguchi-Miyashita M., Shimada S., Ishikawa H. Intestinal intraepithelial T lymphocytes. Our T cell horizons are expanding. Immunol. Res. 1998;18:41–53. doi: 10.1007/BF02786512. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 38.Neutra M.R. Current concepts in mucosal immunity. V Role of M cells in transepithelial transport of antigens and pathogens to the mucosal immune system. Am. J. Physiol. 1998;274:G785–G791. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1998.274.5.G785. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 39.Neutra M.R. M cells in antigen sampling in mucosal tissues. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 1999;236:17–32. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-59951-4_2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 40.Nutting D.F., Kumar N.S., St Hilaire R.J., Mansbach C.M. 2nd, Nutrient absorption. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care. 1999;2:413–419. doi: 10.1097/00075197-199909000-00010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 41.Ouellette A.J., IV Paneth cell antimicrobial peptides and the biology of the mucosal barrier. Am. J. Physiol. 1999;277:G257–G261. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1999.277.2.G257. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 42.Papadakis K.A., Targan S.R. Current theories on the causes of inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterol. Clin. North. Am. 1999;28:283–296. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70057-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 43.Perdue M.H. Mucosal immunity and inflammation. III. The mucosal antigen barrier: cross talk with mucosal cytokines. Am. J. Physiol. 1999;277:G1–G5. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1999.277.1.G1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 44.Russell M.W., Hajishengallis G., Childers N.K., Michalek S.M. Secretory immunity in defense against cariogenic mutans streptococci. Caries Res. 1999;33:4–15. doi: 10.1159/000016490. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 45.Sansonetti P.J., Phalipon A.M. Cells as ports of entry for enteroinvasive pathogens: mechanisms of interaction, consequences for the disease process. Semin. Immunol. 1999;11:193–203. doi: 10.1006/smim.1999.0175. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 46.Schuppan D. Current concepts of celiac disease pathogenesis. Gastroenterology. 2000;119:234–242. doi: 10.1053/gast.2000.8521. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 47.Simecka J.W. Mucosal immunity of the gastrointestinal tract and oral tolerance. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 1998;34:235–259. doi: 10.1016/s0169-409x(98)00042-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 48.Takizawa H. Airway epithelial cells as regulators of airway inflammation. Int. J. Mol. Med. 1998;1:367–378. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.1.2.367. (Review) [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 49.Walmsley A.M., Arntzen C.J. Plants for delivery of edible vaccines. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2000;11:126–129. doi: 10.1016/s0958-1669(00)00070-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 50.Wiik A. Relevant targets of ANCA in primary vasculitits : which tests should be used in clinical practice? Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2000;120:9–10. (suppl. 1) [Google Scholar]

Articles from Revue Française des Laboratoires are provided here courtesy of Elsevier

RESOURCES