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Elsevier - PMC COVID-19 Collection logoLink to Elsevier - PMC COVID-19 Collection
. 2010 Nov 18:23–32. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-249951-7.50009-2

Order of Presentation of Virus Taxonomic Descriptions

Editors: CM Fauquet1, MA Mayo1, J Maniloff1, U Desselberger1, LA Ball1
PMCID: PMC7149403

Taxonomic descriptions in this Report are organized and presented in clusters. The first level of organization is an informal grouping according to genome composition and structure (dsDNA, ssDNA, etc.) and the second level is according to taxonomic rank; i.e., order or family, if there is no order, or genus, if there is no family assignment. In general, descriptions of taxa that appear to share some level of similarity are placed close to each other.

At the end of each virus description is a list of species. The species names are in green italic script. The names of isolates within a species follow the species name and are indented and in black roman script. Isolate names are aligned with relevant accession numbers (between square brackets in the center column) and a recommended abbreviation (between parenthesis in the rightmost column). Some lists contain extra information such as details of vector and/or host. In some genera, species are clustered into groups or serogroups, while in others the isolates within a species are clustered. These clusters are not formal taxonomic groupings. When a species has been re-named recently, the former name (= synonym) is added in parentheses.

ORDER
Family Subfamily Genus Type Species Host Page
The DNA Viruses
The dsDNA Viruses

Caudovirales 35
Myoviridae “T4-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage T4 B 43
“P1-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage P1 B 47
“P2-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage P2 B 48
“Mu-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage Mu B 50
“SP01-like viruses” Bacillus phage SP01 B 51
“ϕH-like viruses” Halobacterium phage ϕH Ar 52
Siphoviridae “λ-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage λ B 57
“T1-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage T1 B 59
“T5-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage T5 B 60
“L5-like viruses” Mycobacterium phage L5 B 61
“c2-like viruses” Lactococcus phage c2 B 63
“ψM1-like viruses” Methanobacterium phage ψM1 Ar 64
“ϕC31-like viruses” Streptomyces phage ϕC31 B 65
“N15-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage N15 B 66

Podoviridae
“T7-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage T7 B 71
“P22-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage P22 B 73
“ϕ29-like viruses” Bacillus phage ϕ29 B 75
“N4-like viruses” Enterobacteria phage N4 B 76

Tectiviridae Tectivirus Enterobacteria phage PRD1 B 81

Corticoviridae Corticovirus Pseudoalteromonas phage PM2 B 87

Plasmaviridae Plasmavirus Acholeplasma phage L2 B 91


Lipothrixviridae
Alphalipothrixvirus Thermoproteus tenax virus 1 Ar 95
Betalipothrixvirus Sulfolobus islandicus filamentous virus Ar 98
Gammalipothrixvirus Acidianus filamentous virus 1 Ar 100

Rudiviridae Rudivirus Sulfolobus islandicus rod-shaped virus 2 Ar 103

Fuselloviridae Fusellovirus Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus 1 Ar 107

Salterprovirus His1 virus Ar 111

Guttaviridae Guttavirus Sulfolobus newzealandicus droplet-shaped virus Ar 115

Poxviridae 117
Chordopoxvirinae 122
Orthopoxvirus Vaccinia virus V 122
Parapoxvirus Orf virus V 123
Avipoxvirus Fowlpox virus V 124
Capripoxvirus Sheeppox virus V 125
Leporipoxvirus Myxoma virus V 126
Suipoxvirus Swinepox virus V 127
Molluscipoxvirus Molluscum contagiosum virus V 127
Yatapoxvirus Yaba monkey tumor virus V 128


Entomopoxvirinae
129
Alphaentomopoxvirus Melolontha melolontha entomopoxvirus I 129
Betaentomopoxvirus Amsacta moorei entomopoxvirus ‘L’ I 130
Gammaentomopoxvirus Chironomus luridus entomopoxvirus I 131

Asfarviridae Asfivirus African swine fever virus V, I 135

Iridoviridae Iridovirus Invertebrate iridescent virus 6 I 145
Chloriridovirus Invertebrate iridescent virus 3 I 153
Ranavirus Frog virus 3 V 154
Lymphocystivirus Lymphocystis disease virus 1 V 156
Megalocytivirus Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus V 158
Phycodnaviridae Chlorovirus Paramecium bursaria Chlorella virus 1 Al 163
Coccolithovirus Emiliania huxleyi virus 86 Al 168
Prasinovirus Micromonas pusilla virus SP1 Al 169
Prymnesiovirus Chrysochromulina brevifilum virus PW1 Al 170
Phaeovirus Ectocarpus siliculosus virus 1 Al 171
Raphidovirus Heterosigma akashiwo virus 01 Al 172

Baculoviridae Nucleopolyhedrovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus I 177
Granulovirus Cydia pomonella granulovirus I 183

Nimaviridae Whispovirus White spot syndrome virus 1 I 187

Herpesviridae 193
Alphaherpesvirinae 199
Simplexvirus Human herpesvirus 1 V 199
Varicellovirus Human herpesvirus 3 V 200
Mardivirus Gallid herpesvirus 2 V 201
Iltovirus Gallid herpesvirus 1 V 202
Betaherpesvirinae 203
Cytomegalovirus Human herpesvirus 5 V 203
Muromegalovirus Murid herpesvirus 1 V 204
Roseolovirus Human herpesvirus 6 V 204
Gammaherpesvirinae 205
Lymphocryptovirus Human herpesvirus 4 V 205

Rhadinovirus
Saimiriine herpesvirus 2
V
206
Ictalurivirus Ictalurid herpesvirus 1 V 208

Adenoviridae Mastadenovirus Human adenovirus C V 213
Aviadenovirus Fowl adenovirus A V 221
Atadenovirus Ovine adenovirus D V 223
Siadenovirus Frog adenovirus V 225

Rhizidiovirus Rhizidiomyces virus F 229

Polyomaviridae Polyomavirus Simian virus 40 V 231

Papillomaviridae Alphapapillomavirus Human papillomavirus 32 V 239
Betapapillomavirus Human papillomavirus 5 V 245
Gammapapillomavirus Human papillomavirus 4 V 246
Deltapapillomavirus European elk papillomavirus V 247
Epsilonpapillomavirus Bovine papillomavirus 5 V 247
Zetapapillomavirus Equine papillomavirus 1 V 247
Etapapillomavirus Fringilla coelebs papillomavirus V 248
Thetapapillomavirus Psittacus erithacus timneh papillomavirus V 248
Iotapapillomavirus Mastomys natalensis papillomavirus V 249
Kappapapillomavirus Cottontail rabbit papillomavirus V 249
Lambdapapillomavirus Canine oral papillomavirus V 249
Mupapillomavirus Human papillomavirus 1 V 250
Nupapillomavirus Human papillomavirus 41 V 250
Xipapillomavirus Bovine papillomavirus 3 V 251
Omikronpapillomavirus Phocoena spinipinnis papillomavirus V 251
Pipapillomavirus Hamster oral papillomavirus V 251

Polydnaviridae Bracovirus Cotesia melanoscela bracovirus I 255
Ichnovirus Campoletis sonorensis ichnovirus I 261

Ascoviridae Ascovirus Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus 1a I 269
Mimivirus Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus Pr, V 275
ORDER
Family Subfamily Genus Type Species Host Page
The ssDNA Viruses

Inoviridae 279
Inovirus Enterobacteria phage M13 B 283
Plectrovirus Acholeplasma phage L51 B 285

Microviridae 289
Microvirus Enterobacteria phage ϕX174 B 292
Chlamydiamicrovirus Chlamydia phage 1 B 295
Bdellomicrovirus Bdellovibrio phage MAC1 B 296
Spiromicrovirus Spiroplasma phage 4 B 297

Geminiviridae 301
Mastrevirus Maize streak virus P 302
Curtovirus Beet curly top virus P 306
Topocuvirus Tomato pseudo-curly top virus P 307
Begomovirus Bean golden yellow mosaic virus P 309

Circoviridae 327
Circovirus Porcine circovirus-1 V 328
Gyrovirus Chicken anemia virus V 331

Anellovirus Torque teno virus V 335

Nanoviridae 343
Nanovirus Subterranean clover stunt virus P 346
Babuvirus Banana bunchy top virus P 348
Parvoviridae 353
Parvovirinae 358
Parvovirus Minute virus of mice V 358
Erythrovirus Human parvovirus B19 V 360
Dependovirus Adeno-associated virus 2 V 361
Amdovirus Aleutian mink disease virus V 363
Bocavirus Bovine parvovirus V 364
Densovirinae 365
Densovirus Junonia coenia densovirus I 365
Iteravirus Bombyx mori densovirus I 366
Brevidensovirus Aedes aegypti densovirus I 366
Pefudensovirus Periplaneta fuliginosa densovirus I 367
ORDER
Family Subfamily Genus Type Species Host Page
The DNA and RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
Hepadnaviridae 373
Orthohepadnavirus Hepatitis B virus V 379
Avihepadnavirus Duck hepatitis B virus V 382

Caulimoviridae 385
Caulimovirus Cauliflower mosaic virus P 388
Petuvirus Petunia vein clearing virus P 389
Soymovirus Soybean chlorotic mottle virus P 390
Cavemovirus Cassava vein mosaic virus P 391
Badnavirus Commelina yellow mottle virus P 392
Tungrovirus Rice tungro bacilliform virus P 394

Pseudoviridae 397
Pseudovirus Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty1 virus F, P 399
Hemivirus Drosophila melanogaster copia virus F, I 402
Sirevirus Glycine max SIRE1 virus P 403

Metaviridae 409
Metavirus Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty3 virus F, P, I 412
Errantivirus Drosophila melanogaster Gypsy virus I 414
Semotivirus Ascaris lumbricoides Tas virus I 416

Retroviridae 421
Orthoretrovirinae 425
Alpharetrovirus Avian leukosis virus V 425
Betaretrovirus Mouse mammary tumor virus V 427
Gammaretrovirus Murine leukemia virus V 428
Deltaretrovirus Bovine leukemia virus V 431
Epsilonretrovirus Walleye dermal sarcoma virus V 432
Lentivirus Human immunodeficiency virus 1 V 433
Spumaretrovirinae 437
Spumavirus Simian foamy virus V 437
ORDER
Family Subfamily Genus Type Species Host Page
The RNA Viruses
The dsRNA Viruses

Cystoviridae Cystovirus Pseudomonas phage ϕ6 B 443

Reoviridae 447
Orthoreovirus Mammalian orthoreovirus V 455
Orbivirus Bluetongue virus V, I 466
Rotavirus Rotavirus A V 484
Coltivirus Colorado tick fever virus V, I 497
Seadornavirus Banna virus V 504
Aquareovirus Aquareovirus A V 511
Idnoreovirus Idnoreovirus 1 I 517
Cypovirus Cypovirus 1 I 522
Fijivirus Fiji disease virus P, I 534
Phytoreovirus Wound tumor virus P, I 543
Oryzavirus Rice ragged stunt virus P, I 550
Mycoreovirus Mycoreovirus 1 F 556

Birnaviridae 561
Aquabirnavirus Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus V 565
Avibirnavirus Infectious bursal disease virus V 566
Entomobirnavirus Drosophila X virus I 567

Totiviridae 571
Totivirus Saccharomyces cerevisiae virus L-A F 572
Giardiavirus Giardia lamblia virus Pr 575
Leishmaniavirus Leishmania RNA virus 1–1 Pr 577

Partitiviridae 581
Partitivirus Atkinsonella hypoxylon virus F 582
Alphacryptovirus White clover cryptic virus 1 P 585
Betacryptovirus White clover cryptic virus 2 P 587

Chrysoviridae Chrysovirus Penicillium chrysogenum virus F 591

Hypoviridae Hypovirus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 F 597

Endornavirus Vicia faba endornavirus P 603
ORDER
Family Subfamily Genus Type Species Host Page
The Negative Stranded ssRNA Viruses

Mononegavirales 609
Bornaviridae 615
Bornavirus Borna disease virus V 615
Rhabdoviridae 623
Vesiculovirus Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus V, I 629
Lyssavirus Rabies virus V 630
Ephemerovirus Bovine ephemeral fever virus V, I 633
Novirhabdovirus Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus V 635
Cytorhabdovirus Lettuce necrotic yellows virus P, I 637
Nucleorhabdovirus Potato yellow dwarf virus P, I 638
Filoviridae 645
Marburgvirus Lake Victoria marburgvirus V 650
Ebolavirus Zaire ebolavirus V 651
Paramyxoviridae 651
Paramyxovirinae 659
Rubulavirus Mumps virus V 659
Avulavirus Newcastle disease virus V 661
Respirovirus Sendai virus V 662
Henipavirus Hendra virus V 663
Morbillivirus Measles virus V 663
Pneumovirinae 665
Pneumovirus Human respiratory syncytial virus V 665
Metapneumovirus Avian metapneumovirus V 666

Varicosavirus Lettuce big-vein associated virus P 669

Ophiovirus Citrus psorosis virus P 673

Orthomyxoviridae 681
Influenzavirus A Influenza A virus V 685
Influenzavirus B Influenza B virus V 687
Influenzavirus C Influenza C virus V 688
Thogotovirus Thogoto virus V, I 689
Isavirus Infectious salmon anemia virus V 691

Bunyaviridae 695
Orthobunyavirus Bunyamwera virus V, I 699
Hantavirus Hantaan virus V 704
Nairovirus Dugbe virus V, I 707
Phlebovirus Rift Valley fever virus V, I 709
Tospovirus Tomato spotted wilt virus P, I 712
Tenuivirus Rice stripe virus P, I 717

Arenaviridae Arenavirus Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus V 725
Deltavirus Hepatitis delta virus V 735
ORDER
Family Subfamily Genus Type Species Host Page
The Positive Stranded ssRNA Viruses

Leviviridae 741
Levivirus Enterobacteria phage MS2 B 743
Allolevivirus Enterobacteria phage Q/3 B 745

Narnaviridae 751
Narnavirus Saccharomyces 20S narnavirus F 751
Mitovirus Cryphonectria mitovirus 1 F 753

Picornaviridae 757
Enterovirus Poliovirus V 760
Rhinovirus Human rhinovirus A V 764
Cardiovirus Encephalomyocarditis virus V 767
Aphthovirus Foot-and-mouth disease virus V 768
Hepatovirus Hepatitis A virus V 770
Parechovirus Human parechovirus V 771
Erbovirus Equine rhinitis B virus V 772
Kobuvirus Aichi virus V 773
Teschovirus Porcine teschovirus V 774
Iflavirus Infectious flacherie virus I 779

Dicistroviridae Cripavirus Cricket paralysis virus I 783

Marnaviridae Marnavirus Heterosigma akashiwo RNA virus F 789

Sequiviridae 793
Sequivirus Parsnip yellow fleck virus P 794
Waikavirus Rice tungro spherical virus P 795

Sadwavirus Satsuma dwarf virus P 799

Cheravirus Cherry rasp leaf virus P 803

Comoviridae 807
Comovirus Cowpea mosaic virus P 810
Fabavirus Broad bean wilt virus 1 P 812
Nepovirus Tobacco ringspot virus P 813

Potyviridae 819
Potyvirus Potato virus Y P 821
Ipomovirus Sweet potato mild mottle virus P 829
Macluravirus Maclura mosaic virus P 831
Rymovirus Ryegrass mosaic virus P 833
Tritimovirus Wheat streak mosaic virus P 834
Bymovirus Barley yellow mosaic virus P 837

Caliciviridae 843
Lagovirus Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus V 846
Norovirus Norwalk virus V 847
Sapovirus Sapporo virus V 848
Vesivirus Vesicular exanthema of swine virus V 848

Hepevirus Hepatitis E virus V 853

Astroviridae 859
Avastrovirus Turkey astrovirus V 861
Mamastrovirus Human astrovirus V 861

Nodaviridae Alphanodavirus Nodamura virus I 865
Betanodavirus Striped jack nervous necrosis virus V 869

Tetraviridae Betatetravirus Nudaurelia capensis β virus I 873
Omegatetravirus Nudaurelia capensis ω virus I 877

Sobemovirus Southern bean mosaic virus P 885

Luteoviridae 891
Luteovirus Barley yellow dwarf virus – PAV P 895
Polerovirus Potato leafroll virus P 896
Enamovirus Pea enation mosaic virus-1 P 897

Umbravirus Carrot mottle virus P 901

Tombusviridae 907
Dianthovirus Carnation ringspot virus P 911
Tombusvirus Tomato bushy stunt virus P 914
Aureusvirus Pothos latent virus P 918
Avenavirus Oat chlorotic stunt virus P 920
Carmovirus Carnation mottle virus P 922
Necrovirus Tobacco necrosis virus A P 926
Panicovirus Panicum mosaic virus P 929
Machlomovirus Maize chlorotic mottle virus P 932

Nidovirales 937
Coronaviridae 947
Coronavirus Infectious bronchitis virus V 947
Torovirus Equine torovirus V 956

Arteriviridae 965
Arterivirus Equine arteritis virus V 965

Roniviridae 975
Okavirus Gill-associated virus I 975

Flaviviridae 981
Flavivirus Yellow fever virus V, I 981
Pestivirus Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 V 988
Hepacivirus Hepatitis C virus V 993

Togaviridae Alphavirus Sindbis virus V, I 999
Rubivirus Rubella virus V 1006

Tobamovirus Tobacco mosaic virus P 1009

Tobravirus Tobacco rattle virus P 1015

Hordeivirus Barley stripe mosaic virus P 1021

Furovirus Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus P 1027

Pomovirus Potato mop-top virus P 1033

Pecluvirus Peanut clump virus P 1039

Benyvirus Beet necrotic yellow vein virus P 1043

Bromoviridae 1049
Alfamovirus Alfalfa mosaic virus P 1051
Bromovirus Brome mosaic virus P 1052
Cucumovirus Cucumber mosaic virus P 1053
Ilarvirus Tobacco streak virus P 1055
Oleavirus Olive latent virus 2 P 1057

Ourmiavirus Ourmia melon virus P 1059

Idaeovirus Rasberry bushy dwarf virus P 1063

Tymoviridae 1067
Tymovirus Turnip yellow mosaic virus P 1070
Marafivirus Maize rayado fino virus P, I 1072
Maculavirus Grapevine fleck virus P 1073

Closteroviridae 1077
Closterovirus Beet yellows virus P 1080
Ampelovirus Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 P 1082
Crinivirus Lettuce infectious yellows virus P 1084

Flexiviridae 1089
Potexvirus Potato virus X P 1091
Mandarivirus Indian citrus ringspot virus P 1096
Allexivirus Shallot virus X P 1098
Carlavirus Carnation latent virus P 1101
Foveavirus Apple stem pitting virus P 1107
Capillovirus Apple stem grooving virus P 1110
Vitivirus Grapevine virus A P 1112
Trichovirus Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus P 1116

Barnaviridae Barnavirus Mushroom bacilliform virus F 1125

Unassigned Viruses

Unassigned Vertebrate Viruses V 1131
Unassigned Invertebrate Viruses I 1132
Unassigned Prokaryote Viruses B 1139
Unassigned Fungus Viruses F 1139
Unassigned Plant Viruses P 1141

The Subviral Agents: Viroids, Satellites and Agents of Spongiform Encephalopathies (Prions)

Viroids 1147
Pospiviroidae 1153
Pospiviroid Potato spindle tuber viroid P 1153
Hostuviroid Hop stunt viroid P 1154
Cocadviroid Coconut cadang-cadang viroid P 1155
Apscaviroid Apple scar skin viroid P 1156
Coleviroid Coleus blumei viroid 1 P 1157
Avsunviroidae 1158
Avsunviroid Avocado sunblotch viroid P 1158
Pelamoviroid Peach latent mosaic virus P 1159

Satellites 1163

Vertebrate Prions V 1171
Fungi prions F 1179
Abbreviations of the virus hosts
Algae Al Bacteria B Invertebrates I Protozoa Pr
Archaea Ar Fungi F Plants P Vertebrates V

Articles from Virus Taxonomy are provided here courtesy of Elsevier

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