Abstract
Intracerebral inoculation of mice with tissue culture–adapted TO strains of Theiler's mouse encephalomyelitis viruses results in a clinical disease consisting of spastic paralysis due to demyelination after a lengthy incubation period. Thus, in effect, these ordinary picornaviruses are capable of causing a slow infection in their natural host, the mouse. In addition, through the use of tissue culture–adapted virus stocks, virus content in mouse tissues now can be accurately quantified by standard plaque assay.
References
- 1. Dal Canto MC, Lipton HL: Primary demyelination in Theiler's virus infection. An ultrastructural study. Lab Invest 33:626–637, 1975. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 2. DalCanto MC, Lipton HL: Animal model of human disease. Multiple sclerosis. Am J Pathol 88:497–500, 1977. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 3. Dean G Kurtzke JF: On the risk of multiple sclerosis according to age at immigration to South Africa. Br Med J 3:725–729, 1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 4. Gardner MB Henderson BE Officer JE et al: A spontaneous lower motor neuron disease apparently caused by indigenous type‐C RNA virus in wild mice. J Natl Cancer Inst 51:1243–1249, 1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 5. Gross L: Oncogenic Viruses. Second edition New York, Pergamon, 1970. [Google Scholar]
- 6. Gudnadottir M: Visna‐maedi in sheep. Progr Med Virol 18:336–349, 1974. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 7. Horta‐Barbosa L, Fucillo DA, Sever JL, et al: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: isolation of measles virus from a brain biopsy. Nature 221:974, 1969. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 8. Lehrich JR Arnason BG Hochberg FH: Demyelinative myelopathy in mice induced by the DA virus. J Neurol Sci 29:149–160, 1976. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 9. LeProvost C Virelizier JL Dupuy JM: Immunopathology of mouse hepatitis virus type 3 infection. III. Clinical and virologic observation of a persistent viral infection. J Immunol 115:640–643, 1975. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 10. Lipton HL: Theiler's virus infection in mice: an unusual biphasic disease process leading to demyelination. Infect Immunol 11:1147–1155, 1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 11. Lipton HL: Characterization of the TO strains of Theiler's mouse encephalomyelitis viruses. Infect Immunol 20:869–872, 1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 12. Lipton HL, Dal Canto MC: Chronic neurologic disease in Theiler's virus infection of SJL/J mice. J Neurol Sci 30:201–207, 1976. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 13. Padgett BL Walker DL: New human papovaviruses. Progr Med Virol 22:1–35, 1976. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 14. Payne FE Baublis JV Itabashi HH: Isolation of measles virus from cell cultures of brain from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. N Engl J Med 281:585–589, 1969. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 15. Penman S Summers D: Effects on host metabolism following synchronous infection with poliovirus. Virology 27:614–620, 1965. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 16. Petersson G Nathanson N Georgsson G et al: Pathogenesis of visna. I. Sequential virologic, serologic and pathologic studies. Lab Invest 35:402–412, 1976. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 17. Poskanzer DC Schapira K Miller H: Multiple sclerosis and poliomyelitis. Lancet 2:917–921, 1963. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 18. Rabinowitz SG Lipton HL: Cellular immunity in chronic Theiler's virus central nervous system infection. J Immunol 117:357–363, 1976. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 19. Sigurdsson B: Rida, a chronic encephalitis of sheep. With general remarks on infections which develop slowly and some of their special characteristics. Br Vet J 110:341–354, 1954. [Google Scholar]
- 20. Townsend JJ Baringer JR Wolinsky JS et al: Progressive rubella panencephalitis. Late onset after congenital rubella. N Engl J Med 292:990–998, 1975. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 21. Walker DL: The viral carrier state in animal cell cultures. Progr Med Virol 6:111–148, 1964. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]