Skip to main content
Wiley - PMC COVID-19 Collection logoLink to Wiley - PMC COVID-19 Collection
. 2005 Dec 7;2(4):341–346. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890020407

Diagnosis of human coronavirus infection by immunofluorescence: Method and application to respiratory disease in hospitalized children

Kenneth McIntosh 1,, Joyce McQuillin 2, Sylvia E Reed 3, Phillip S Gardner 2
PMCID: PMC7166379  PMID: 215715

Abstract

Rabbit antisera were prepared against coronavirus strains 229E and OC43 and used successfully to detect viral antigen in epithelial cells shed from the nasopharynx of symptomatic volunteers who had received coronavirus inocula three to four days before. The same serologic reagents were applied to nasopharyngeal secretion cells obtained from 106 infants and children hospitalized with respiratory tract disease and apparently not infected with conventional respiratory viruses. No coronavirus infections were detected by this method. It appears that coronavirus OC43 or 229E infections were not common in children in Tyneside hospitals during the period of study. However, fluorescence is a useful method for detection of coronavirus infections in symptomatic human subjects.

Keywords: coronavirus infection, immunofluorescence, respiratory disease

References

  • 1. Beare AS, Reed SE (1977): The stud of antiviral compounds in volunteers In Oxford JS. (ed): “Chemoprophlaxis and Virus Infections of the Respirator Tract.” Cleveland: CRC Press, pp 27–55. [Google Scholar]
  • 2. Bradburne AF, Bnoe ML, Trrell DAJ (1967): Effects of a “new” human respirator virus in volunteers. British Medical Journal 3: 767–769. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 3. Bradburne AF (1970): Antigenic relationships amongst coronaviruses. Archiv für die Gesamte Virusforschung 31: 352–364. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 4. Gardner PS, McQuillin J (1974): “Rapid Viral Diagnosis: Application of Immunofluorescence.” London: Butterworths. [Google Scholar]
  • 5. Hamre D. Procknow JJ (1966): A new virus isolated from the human respirator tract. Proceedings of the Societ for Experimental Biolog 121: 190–193. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 6. Hierholzer JC, Palmer EL, Whitfield SG, Kae HS, Dowdle WR (1972): Protein composition of coronavirus OC43. Virolog 48: 516–527. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 7. Kaye HS, Marsh HB, Dowdle WR (1971): Seroepidemiologic surve of coronavirus (strain OC43) related infections in a children's population. American Journal of Epidemiolog 94: 43–49. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 8. Kaye HS, Dowdle WR (1975): Seroepidemiologic surve of coronavirus (strain 229E) infections in a population of children. American Journal of Epidemiolog 101: 238–244. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 9. McLntosh K, Becker WB, Chanock RM (1967): Growth in suckling mouse brain of “IBV‐like” viruses from patients with upper respirator tract disease. Proceedings of the National Academ of Sciences 58: 2268–2273. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 10. McIntosh K, Dees JH, Becker WB, Kapikian AZ, Chanock RM (1967): Recover in tracheal organ cultures of novel viruses from patients with respirator disease. Proceedings of the National Academ of Sciences 57: 933–940. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 11. McLntosh K, Kapikian AZ, Hardison KA, Hartle JW, Chanock RM (1969): Antigenic relationships among the coronaviruses of man and between human and animal coronaviruses. Journal of Immunolog 102: 1109–1118. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 12. McIntosh K, Kapikian AZ, Turner HC, Hartle JW, Parrott RH, Chanock RM (1970): Seroepidemiologic studies of coronavirus infection in adults and children. American Journal of Epidemiolog 91: 585–592. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 13. McLntosh K, Chao RK, Krause HE, Wasil R, Mocego HE, Mufson MA (1974): Coronavirus infection in acute lower respirator tract disease of infants. Journal of Infectious Diseases 130(5): 502–507. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 14. Monto AS (1974): Medical Reviews: Coronavirusesale. Journal of Biolog and Medicine 47: 234–251. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 15. Tyrrell DAJ (1963): The use of volunteers. American Review of Respirator Diseases 88: 128–134. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 16. Tyrrell DAJ, Bnoe ML (1965): Cultivation of a novel tpe of common‐cold virus in organ cultures. British Medical Journal 1: 1467–1470. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Medical Virology are provided here courtesy of Wiley

RESOURCES