Abstract
The interaction between the enhancing and neutralizing activities of three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) (5‐6‐2, 6‐4‐2 and 7‐4‐1) to the spike protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) strain 79‐1146 was determined using feline macrophages. At a high MAb concentration, all of the three MAbs completely inhibited the FIPV infection at 37 C. However, two of them (6‐4‐2 and 7‐4‐1) enhanced FIPV infection when either the MAb concentration or reaction temperature was lowered. These MAbs also exerted an immediate infectivity‐enhancing activity for up to 10 min of reaction and by 20 min, neutralizing activities were observed. Only MAb 5‐6‐2 consistently showed neutralizing activity regardless of the reaction conditions. Competition with sera from cats experimentally infected with FIPV strain 79‐1146 or feline enteric coronavirus strain 79‐1683 showed that the two epitopes recognized by MAb 5‐6‐2 and MAb 6‐4‐2, respectively, are also recognized by the natural host.
Keywords: antibody‐dependent enhancement, monoclonal antibody, feline infectious peritonitis virus
Abbreviations
- ADE
antibody‐dependent enahancement
- CrFK
Crandell feline kidney
- ELISA
enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay
- fcwf‐4
feline whole fetus cells
- FECV
feline enteric coronavirus
- FIPV
feline infectious peritonitis virus
- HBSS
Hanks' balanced salt solution
- IFA
indirect fluorescent antibody assay
- MAb
monoclonal antibody
- MAbs
monoclonal antibodies
- M protein
transmembrane protein
- NT test
neutralization test
- PBS
phosphate‐buffered saline solution
- RS virus
respiratory syncytial virus
- S protein
peplomer spike protein
- TCID50
50% tissue culture infectious dose.
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