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. 2020 Feb 27;25(5):1059. doi: 10.3390/molecules25051059

Table 3.

Triterpene saponins isolated from C. quinoa Willd.

Compound R1 R2 Formula MW Quinoa Part Origin Ref.
Oleanolic Acid
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Monodesmosidic saponins
Oleanolic acid 3-O-β -d-glucopyranoside -glc H C36H58O8 618 Seeds m [50]
Oleanolic acid 3-O-β-d-glucuropyranoside -glcUA H C36H56O9 632 Seeds b [51,52]
Oleanolic acid 3-O-β -d-xylopyranosyl-(1,3)-β-d-glucuronopyranoside –xyl (1–3) glcUA H C41H64O13 Seeds m [50]
Oleanolic acid 3-O-β -d-xylopyranosyl(l,3)-β -d-glucuronopyranosyl-methyl-ester –xyl (1–3)-6-O-Me glcUA H C42H66O13 778 Seeds m [50]
Bidesmosidic saponins
Oleanolic acid 3-O- [β -d- glucopyranosyl-(1,3)- α-l- arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–3) ara -glc C47H76O17 912 Seeds, bran flowers, and fruits a, b, c, e, g [43,49,59,63]
Oleanolic acid 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1,3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –ara (1–3) glcUA -glc C47H74O18 926 Seeds a, e, p [43,59,63]
Oleanolic acid 3-O-[β-d-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glcUA -glc C42H66O14 794 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, c, p, g [49,52,53,58,59,63]
Oleanolic acid 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1,3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –xyl (1–3) glcUA -glc C47H74O18 926 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, c, g, sa, p [49,50,53,58,59]
Oleanolic acid 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–2) glc (1–3) ara -glc C53H86O22 1074 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, b, c, g, sa [49,51,58,59]
Hederagenin
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Monodesmosidic saponins R3= -H
Hederagenin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)- α -l-arabinopyranoside –glc (1–3) ara -H C41H66O13 766 Seeds and bran b, c [51,52]
Hederagenin 3-O-α-l-Arabinopyranoside -ara -H - - Seeds c [52]
Bidesmosidic saponins R3= -H
Hederagenin 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–3) ara -glc C47H76O18 928 Flowers, fruits, seeds and bran a, b, c, e, g, sa, p [25,48,49,51,52,53,58,59,63]
Hederagenin 3-O- α- l-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside -ara -glc C41H66O13 766 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, c, g, sa [49,52,58,59]
Hederagenin 3-O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-l-galactopyranosyl 28-O- β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–3) gal -glc C48H78O19 958 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, c, b, g, sa [49,51,58,59]
Hederagenin 3-O- β- d-Glucuronopyranosyl 28-O- β-d-glucopyranoside –glcUA -glc C42H66O15 810 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, c, g, sa [49,58,59]
Hederagenin 3-O-β-d-Xylopyranosyl-(1,3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –xyl (1–3) glcUA -glc C47H74O19 942 Seeds and bran a, sa [53,58,59]
Hederagenin 3-O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-(1,4)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,4)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–4) glc (1–4) glc -glc C54H88O24 1120 Seeds a, e [48,59]
Tridesmosidic saponins R3= -glc
3,23-bis(O-β-d-Glucopyranosyloxy) olean-12-en28-oicacid28-O-α-l-arabinopyanosyl-(1,3)-β-d-glucopyranoside -glc -glc-glc C53H86O23 1090 Seeds e [20]
Phytolaccagenic acid
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Monodesmosidic saponins
Phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl (1,3)-α-l-arabinopyranoside –glc (1–3) ara -H C42H66O15 810 Seeds b, c [51,52]
Bidesmosidic saponins
Phytolaccagenic acid 3-O- [α -l-arabinopyranosyl-(1,3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –ara (1–3) glcUA -glc C48H74O21 986 Seeds e [43,48]
Phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–3) ara -glc C48H76O20 972 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, b, c, e, g, m, p, sa [43,49,51,52,53,58,59,63]
Phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1,2)- β-d-glucopyranosyl]-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–2) xyl (1–3) glc -glc C54H86O25 1134 Seeds a, e, sa [43,59]
Phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-α -l-arabinopyranosyl 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside -ara -glc C42H66O15 810 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, b, c, g, p, sa [49,51,52,53,58,59]
Phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1,3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –gal (1–3) glc -glc C49H78O21 1002 Seeds b [51]
Phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-β-d-galactopyranosyl 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–3) gal -glc C49H78O21 1002 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, c, g, sa [49,53,58,59]
Phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–2) glc (1–3) ara -glc C54H86O25 1134 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, c, e, g, sa [43,49,51,53,58,59]
Phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-(1,4)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,4)-β-d-glucopyranosyl 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–4) glc (1–4) glc -glc C55H88O26 1164 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, c, e, g [48,49,59]
Serjanic acid
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Bidesmosidic saponins
Serjanic acid 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)- α -l-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside = 30-O-methyl spergulagenate 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–3) ara -glc C48H76O19 956 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, b, c, g, p [49,51,53,59,63]
Serjanic acid 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside= 30-O-methyl spergulagenate 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-β-d -glucopyranoside –glc (1–2) glc (1–3) ara -glc C54H86O24 1118 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran b, c, e, g, sa [49,51,58]
Serjanic acid 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside -ara -glc C42H66O14 794 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran c, g [49]
Serjanic acid 3-O-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glcUA -glc C43H66O16 838 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran c, g [49]
Serjanic acid 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1,3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester -ara (1-3) glc -glc C48H74O20 970 Seeds p [53]
Spergulagenic acid
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Bidesmosidic saponins
Spergulagenic acid 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-l-arabinopyranoside -glc (1-2) glc (1-3) ara -H - - Bran sa [58]
Spergulagenic acid 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside Glc (1-2) glc (1-3) ara -glc - - Seeds e [48]
Spergulagenic acid 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1,3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –ara (1–3) glcUA -glc C48H74O20 970 Seeds e [48]
28-oic acid
3β-Hydroxy-23-oxo-olean-12-en -28-oic acid= Gypsogenin
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3β-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)- α -l-arabinopyranosyl-oxy-23-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–3) ara -glc C47H74O18 926 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran c, g [49]
3β-Hydroxy-27-oxo-olean-12-en -28-oic acid
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3β-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α- l -arabinopyranosyl-oxy-27-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–3) ara -glc C47H74O18 926 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran c, g [49]
3β, 23 α, 30 β-Trihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid
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3,23,30-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 3-O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside –glc (1–3) ara -glc C47H76O19 944 Flowers, fruits, seeds, and bran a, c, g [49,53,59]