Abstract
Redox data obtained from cyclic voltammetry experiments of the FeII/III oxidation of six ferrocenyl carboxylic acids is presented in this data in brief article. Data is obtained from the cyclic voltammograms at scan rates of two orders of magnitude (0.05 – 5.00 Vs−1) using (i) acetonitrile as solvent and tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate as supporting electrolyte and (ii) dichloromethane as solvent and tetrabutylammonium tetrakispentafluorophenylborate, as the electrolyte. Data is reported versus the FeII/III redox couple of ferrocene. For more insight in the reported data, see the related research article “Solvent and substituent effect on Electrochemistry of ferrocenylcarboxylic acids”, published in Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry [1].
Keywords: Ferrocenyl acids, cyclic voltammetry, oxidation, solvent effect, electronic effect
Specifications Table
| Subject | Chemistry |
| Specific subject area | Electrochemistry |
| Type of data | Table Image Graph Figure |
| How data were acquired | Princeton Applied Research PARSTAT 2273 potentiostat running Powersuite software (Version 2.58). |
| Data format | Raw Analysed |
| Parameters for data collection | Samples were used as synthesized. All the electrochemical experiments were performed in an M Bruan Lab Master SP glove box under a high purity argon atmosphere (H2O and O2< 10 ppm). |
| Description of data collection | All electrochemical experiments were done in a 2 ml electrochemical cell containing three-electrodes (a glassy carbon working electrode, a Pt auxiliary electrode and a Pt pseudo reference electrode), connected to a Princeton Applied Research PARSTAT 2273 electrochemical analyser. Data obtained were exported to excel for analysis and diagram preparation. |
| Data source location | University of the Free State Bloemfontein South Africa |
| Data accessibility | With the article |
| Related research article | P.J. Swarts, J. Conradie, Solvent and substituent effect on electrochemistry of ferrocenylcarboxylic acids, J. Electroanal. Chem. (2020) 114164. doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114164. |
Value of the Data
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This data provides detailed electrochemical data for six ferrocenyl carboxylic acids in both DCM and ACN for scan rates over two orders of magnitude (0.05 – 5.0 Vs−1).
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This data illustrates the influence of the solvent used in cyclic voltammetry experiments, on the formal redox potential of Fe of the ferrocenyl group for ferrocenylcarboxylic acids.
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This data illustrates the influence of the solvent on the peak current-voltage separations, ΔEp, of the Fe oxidation peak of ferrocenyl carboxylic acids.
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This data illustrates the electronic influence of electron-withdrawing carbonyl group on the iron's oxidation potential, depending on how close the carbonyl group is to the iron.
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Accurate redox potential data of these ferrocenyl (Fc) carboxylic acids are important, since they are used as ligands in organometallic complexes.
1. Data
This article presents redox data of six ferrocene-containing carboxylic acids, 1 – 6, reported versus the redox couple ferrocene (Fc) at 0, using decamethylferrocene (DmFc) as internal standard [2], see Figure 1 for the series of complexes of this data study. Cyclic voltammograms obtained in dichloromethane (DCM) and acetonitrile (ACN) for compound 1 – 6, with DmFc as internal standard, are shown in Figure 2–Figure 9. The cyclic voltammograms of DmFc and ferrocene in DCM and ACN are shown in Fig. 10, Fig. 11. Electrochemical data obtained from the cyclic voltammograms at scan rates 0.05 Vs−1 – 5.00 Vs−1 are tabulated in Table 1–Table 12 (0.10 Vs−1data from reference [1]). Presented data is related to the research article “Solvent and substituent effect on Electrochemistry of ferrocenylcarboxylic acids”, published in Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry [1]. The electronic influence of the different carboxylic acids substituents on the redox potential of the ferrocenylgroup they are attached to, is illustrated in Figure 2 and Figure 3. The electronic influence of the electron-withdrawing carbonyl group on the iron's oxidation potential, depends on how close the carbonyl group is to the iron. Redox data of ferrocene-containing compounds are important for application in asymmetric catalysis [3], [4], [5], [6], energy transfer processes [7], biological applications [8,9], as additives in highburning rate composite rocket propellants [10] and non-linear optics [6].
Fig. 4.
Cyclic voltammograms in DCM of FcCO2H at scan rates 0.050 (smallest peak currents), 0.100, 0.200, 0.300, 0.400 and 0.500 (largest peak currents) Vs−1. All scans initiated in a positive direction. Data for the peak oxidation potential (Epa), the formal reduction potential (E0`) and the peak current separation ΔEp of the FeII/III oxidation of DmFc (internal standard, left) and the indicated ferrocene-containing carboxylic acid (right) are indicated in V.
Fig. 5.
Cyclic voltammograms in DCM of FcCH2CO2H at scan rates 0.050 (smallest peak currents), 0.100, 0.200, 0.300, 0.400 and 0.500 (largest peak currents) Vs−1. All scans initiated in a positive direction. Data for the peak oxidation potential (Epa), the formal reduction potential (E0`) and the peak current separation ΔEp of the FeII/III oxidation of DmFc (internal standard, left) and the indicated ferrocene-containing carboxylic acid (right) are indicated in V.
Fig. 6.
Cyclic voltammograms in DCM of Fc(CH)2CO2H at scan rates 0.050 (smallest peak currents), 0.100, 0.200, 0.300, 0.400 and 0.500 (largest peak currents) Vs−1. All scans initiated in a positive direction. Data for the peak oxidation potential (Epa), the formal reduction potential (E0`) and the peak current separation ΔEp of the FeII/III oxidation of DmFc (internal standard, left) and the indicated ferrocene-containing carboxylic acid (right) are indicated in V.
Fig. 7.
Cyclic voltammograms in DCM of Fc(CH2)2CO2H at scan rates 0.050 (smallest peak currents), 0.100, 0.200, 0.300, 0.400 and 0.500 (largest peak currents) Vs−1. All scans initiated in a positive direction. Data for the peak oxidation potential (Epa), the formal reduction potential (E0`) and the peak current separation ΔEp of the FeII/III oxidation of DmFc (internal standard, left) and the indicated ferrocene-containing carboxylic acid (right) are indicated in V.
Fig. 8.
Cyclic voltammograms in DCM of Fc(CH2)3CO2H at scan rates 0.050 (smallest peak currents), 0.100, 0.200, 0.300, 0.400 and 0.500 (largest peak currents) Vs−1. All scans initiated in a positive direction. Data for the peak oxidation potential (Epa), the formal reduction potential (E0`) and the peak current separation ΔEp of the FeII/III oxidation of DmFc (internal standard, left) and the indicated ferrocene-containing carboxylic acid (right) are indicated in V.
Table 2.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in DCM for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of FcCO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.580 | 0.060 | -0.610 | 3.47 | 0.99 |
| FcCO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | 0.320 | 0.072 | 0.284 | 2.33 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | 0.321 | 0.074 | 0.284 | 3.60 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | 0.321 | 0.074 | 0.284 | 5.62 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | 0.321 | 0.074 | 0.284 | 6.80 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | 0.322 | 0.076 | 0.284 | 8.16 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | 0.322 | 0.076 | 0.284 | 9.14 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | 0.323 | 0.078 | 0.284 | 25.27 | 0.99 |
Table 3.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in ACN for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of FcCH2CO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.481 | 0.078 | -0.520 | 3.35 | 0.99 |
| FcCH2CO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | -0.048 | 0.080 | -0.088 | 2.31 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | -0.047 | 0.082 | -0.088 | 3.57 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | -0.047 | 0.083 | -0.088 | 4.29 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | -0.046 | 0.084 | -0.088 | 6.45 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | -0.046 | 0.085 | -0.088 | 8.15 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | -0.045 | 0.086 | -0.088 | 10.22 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | -0.043 | 0.090 | -0.088 | 27.12 | 0.99 |
Table 4.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in DCM for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of FcCH2CO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.580 | 0.060 | -0.610 | 3.65 | 0.99 |
| FcCH2CO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | 0.046 | 0.065 | 0.014 | 2.21 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | 0.047 | 0.067 | 0.014 | 3.78 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | 0.047 | 0.068 | 0.014 | 4.35 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | 0.047 | 0.068 | 0.014 | 6.25 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | 0.047 | 0.069 | 0.014 | 8.24 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | 0.048 | 0.070 | 0.014 | 10.51 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | 0.049 | 0.072 | 0.014 | 25.72 | 0.99 |
Table 5.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in ACN for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of Fc(CH)2CO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.480 | 0.080 | -0.520 | 3.82 | 0.99 |
| Fc(CH)2CO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | 0.104 | 0.076 | 0.066 | 2.01 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | 0.105 | 0.078 | 0.066 | 3.93 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | 0.105 | 0.078 | 0.066 | 4.84 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | 0.105 | 0.078 | 0.066 | 6.48 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | 0.106 | 0.080 | 0.066 | 7.85 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | 0.106 | 0.080 | 0.066 | 8.84 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | 0.107 | 0.082 | 0.066 | 26.87 | 0.99 |
Table 6.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in DCM for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of Fc(CH)2CO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.579 | 0.061 | -0.610 | 3.25 | 0.99 |
| Fc(CH)2CO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | 0.209 | 0.078 | 0.170 | 1.98 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | 0.210 | 0.079 | 0.170 | 3.36 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | 0.210 | 0.079 | 0.170 | 4.91 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | 0.210 | 0.079 | 0.170 | 6.54 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | 0.211 | 0.080 | 0.170 | 7.94 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | 0.211 | 0.080 | 0.170 | 8.94 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | 0.212 | 0.084 | 0.170 | 25.58 | 0.99 |
Table 7.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in ACN for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of Fc(CH2)2CO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.482 | 0.076 | -0.520 | 3.58 | 0.99 |
| Fc(CH2)2CO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | -0.078 | 0.070 | -0.113 | 2.22 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | -0.077 | 0.072 | -0.113 | 3.74 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | -0.077 | 0.073 | -0.113 | 4.84 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | -0.076 | 0.074 | -0.113 | 6.48 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | -0.076 | 0.075 | -0.113 | 8.39 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | -0.075 | 0.076 | -0.113 | 9.55 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | -0.074 | 0.078 | -0.113 | 26.71 | 0.99 |
Table 8.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in DCM for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of Fc(CH2)2CO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.579 | 0.060 | -0.610 | 3.74 | 0.99 |
| Fc(CH2)2CO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | 0.019 | 0.068 | -0.015 | 2.12 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | 0.020 | 0.070 | -0.015 | 3.87 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | 0.020 | 0.070 | -0.015 | 5.11 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | 0.020 | 0.070 | -0.015 | 6.73 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | 0.021 | 0.072 | -0.015 | 8.01 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | 0.021 | 0.072 | -0.015 | 9.11 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | 0.022 | 0.074 | -0.015 | 25.32 | 0.99 |
Table 9.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in ACN for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of Fc(CH2)3CO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.482 | 0.075 | -0.520 | 3.64 | 0.99 |
| Fc(CH2)3CO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | -0.091 | 0.077 | -0.131 | 2.52 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | -0.092 | 0.078 | -0.131 | 3.83 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | -0.092 | 0.079 | -0.131 | 5.15 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | -0.092 | 0.080 | -0.131 | 6.95 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | -0.093 | 0.081 | -0.131 | 8.35 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | -0.093 | 0.082 | -0.131 | 9.69 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | -0.094 | 0.084 | -0.131 | 27.31 | 0.99 |
Table 10.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in DCM for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of Fc(CH2)3CO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.579 | -0.061 | -0.610 | 3.89 | 0.99 |
| Fc(CH2)3CO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | 0.010 | 0.068 | -0.024 | 2.39 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | 0.011 | 0.070 | -0.024 | 3.98 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | 0.011 | 0.070 | -0.024 | 5.26 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | 0.012 | 0.072 | -0.024 | 6.82 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | 0.012 | 0.072 | -0.024 | 8.23 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | 0.013 | 0.074 | -0.024 | 9.46 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | 0.014 | 0.076 | -0.024 | 25.04 | 0.99 |
Table 11.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in ACN for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of FcCO(CH2)2CO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.480 | 0.080 | -0.520 | 3.13 | 0.99 |
| FcCO(CH2)2CO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | 0.219 | 0.078 | 0.180 | 2.31 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | 0.220 | 0.080 | 0.180 | 3.52 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | 0.220 | 0.080 | 0.180 | 5.29 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | 0.220 | 0.080 | 0.180 | 6.85 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | 0.221 | 0.082 | 0.180 | 8.66 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | 0.221 | 0.082 | 0.180 | 9.85 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | 0.222 | 0.084 | 0.180 | 27.26 | 0.99 |
Fig. 1.
Structure of compounds in this study used for cyclic voltammetry.
Fig. 2.
Cyclic voltammogram in ACN of (a) FcCO2H, (b) FcCH2CO2H. (c) Fc(CH)2CO2H, (d) Fc(CH2)2CO2H, (e) Fc(CH2)3CO2H and (f) FcCO(CH2)2CO2H, at scan rates 0.100 (red) and 5.00 (black) Vs−1. Scans initiated in a positive direction. Data for the peak oxidation potential (Epa) and the formal reduction potential (E0’) of DmFc (internal standard, left) and the indicated ferrocene-containing carboxylic acid (right) are indicated in V.
Fig. 9.
Cyclic voltammograms in DCM of FcCO(CH2)2CO2Hat scan rates 0.050 (smallest peak currents), 0.100, 0.200, 0.300, 0.400 and 0.500 (largest peak currents) Vs−1. All scans initiated in a positive direction. Data for the peak oxidation potential (Epa), the formal reduction potential (E0`) and the peak current separation ΔEp of the FeII/III oxidation of DmFc (internal standard, left) and the indicated ferrocene-containing carboxylic acid (right) are indicated in V.
Fig. 10.
Cyclic voltammograms in ACN of decamethylferrocene and ferrocene at scan rate 0.100 Vs−1. The scan is initiated in a positive direction. Data for the peak oxidation potential (Epa), the formal reduction potential (E0`) and the peak current separation ΔEp of the FeII/III oxidation of DmFc (internal standard, left) and Fc (right) is indicated in V.
Fig. 11.
Cyclic voltammograms in DCM of decamethylferrocene and ferrocene at scan rate 0.100 Vs−1. The scan is initiated in a positive direction. Data for the peak oxidation potential (Epa), the formal reduction potential (E0`) and the peak current separation ΔEp of the FeII/III oxidation of DmFc (internal standard, left) and Fc (right) is indicated in V.
Table 1.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in ACN for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of FcCO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.480 | 0.080 | -0.520 | 3.21 | 0.99 |
| FcCO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | 0.217 | 0.078 | 0.178 | 2.16 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | 0.218 | 0.080 | 0.178 | 3.86 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | 0.218 | 0.080 | 0.178 | 5.54 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | 0.218 | 0.080 | 0.178 | 6.59 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | 0.219 | 0.082 | 0.178 | 8.01 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | 0.219 | 0.082 | 0.178 | 9.04 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | 0.220 | 0.084 | 0.178 | 26.91 | 0.99 |
Table 12.
Electrochemical data (potential in V vs Fc/Fc+) in DCM for c.a. 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of FcCO(CH2)2CO2H at indicated scan rates (ν in V/s).
| ν (V/s) | Epa / V | ΔEp / V | Eo′ / V | ipa / μA | ipc/ipa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DmFc | |||||
| 0.100 | -0.580 | 0.060 | -0.610 | 3.51 | 0.99 |
| FcCO(CH2)2CO2H | |||||
| 0.050 | 0.329 | 0.068 | 0.295 | 2.42 | 0.99 |
| 0.100 | 0.330 | 0.070 | 0.295 | 3.67 | 0.99 |
| 0.200 | 0.330 | 0.070 | 0.295 | 5.22 | 0.99 |
| 0.300 | 0.331 | 0.072 | 0.295 | 6.99 | 0.99 |
| 0.400 | 0.331 | 0.072 | 0.295 | 8.31 | 0.99 |
| 0.500 | 0.332 | 0.074 | 0.295 | 9.55 | 0.99 |
| 5.000 | 0.335 | 0.080 | 0.295 | 25.84 | 0.99 |
Fig. 3.
Cyclic voltammogram in DCM of (a) FcCO2H, (b) FcCH2CO2H. (c) Fc(CH)2CO2H, (d) Fc(CH2)2CO2H, (e) Fc(CH2)3CO2H and (f) FcCO(CH2)2CO2H, at scan rates 0.100 (red) and 5.00 (black) Vs−1. Scans initiated in a positive direction. Data for the peak oxidation potential (Epa) and the formal reduction potential (E0’) of DmFc (internal standard, left) and the indicated ferrocene-containing carboxylic acid (right) are indicated in V.
2. Experimental Design, Materials, and Methods
Electrochemical studies through cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments were performed in an M Bruan Lab Master SP glove box under a high purity argon atmosphere (H2O and O2< 10 ppm), utilising a Princeton Applied Research PARSTAT 2273 potentiostat running Powersuite software (Version 2.58). The cyclic voltammetry experimental setup consists of a cell with three electrodes, namely (i) a glassy carbon electrode as working electrode, (ii) a platinum wire auxiliary and (ii) a platinum wire as pseudo reference electrode. The glassy carbon working electrode was polished and prepared before every experiment on a Buhler polishing mat first with 1-micron and then with ¼-micron diamond paste, rinsed with H2O, acetone and DCM, and dried before each experiment. The electrochemical analysis is performed in dichloromethane (DCM, anhydrous, ≥ 99.8%, containing 40-150 ppm amylene as a stabilizer) and in acetonitrile (ACN, anhydrous, 99.8%) as solvents, at RT. Solutions were made in 0.001 dm3 spectrochemical grade anhydrous DCM or ACN containing ca. 5 × 10−4 M of analyte, 5 × 10−4 mol dm−3 of internal reference (decamethylferrocene, DmFc) and 0.1 mol dm−3 of supporting electrolyte tetrabutylammonium tetrakispentafluorophenylborate, [N(nBu)4][B(C6F5)4] in DCM, or tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate, TBAPF6, [N(nBu)4][PF6] in ACN. Experimental potential data was measured vs. the redox couple of decamethylferrocene DmFc as internal standard [2] and reported vs. the redox couple of ferrocene, Fc, as suggested by IUPAC [11]. E°`(DmFc) = -0.610 V vs. Fc/Fc+ at 0 V in DCM/[N(Bu)4][B(C6F5)4] and -0.520 vs. Fc/Fc+ at 0 V in ACN/[N(Bu)4][PF6]. Scan rates were between 0.05 and 5.00 Vs−1.
Declaration of Competing Interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships which have, or could be perceived to have, influenced the work reported in this article.
Acknowledgements
This work has received support from the South African National Research Foundation (Grant numbers 113327 and 96111) and the Central Research Fund of the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Footnotes
Supplementary material associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:10.1016/j.dib.2020.105650.
Appendix. Supplementary materials
References
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