Table 1.
Characteristics of participants according to sex.
| Characteristics | Men | Women |
|---|---|---|
| N = 1424 | N = 1868 | |
| Age (years) | 57.1 ± 0.1 | 56.7 ± 0.1 |
| Education level | ||
| Less than high school graduation | 710 (50.1) | 1304 (70.3) |
| High school graduation or higher | 708 (49.9) | 550 (29.7) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.0 ± 0.1 | 24.3 ± 0.1 |
| Smoking status | ||
| Non-smokers | 862 (60.7) | 1794 (96.5) |
| Smoker | 559 (39.3) | 66 (3.6) |
| Household income | ||
| Low | 343 (24.3) | 466 (25.2) |
| Mid-low | 377 (26.7) | 459 (24.8) |
| Mid-high | 355 (25.1) | 483 (26.1) |
| High | 338 (23.9) | 441 (23.9) |
| Physical activity level (METs-h/wk) 1 | ||
| Low | 401 (28.3) | 683 (36.8) |
| Middle | 468 (33.0) | 631 (34.0) |
| High | 550 (38.8) | 541 (29.2) |
| Alcohol consumption (yes) | ||
| Non-drinker | 260 (18.4) | 808 (43.6) |
| Drinker | 1157 (81.7) | 1045 (56.4) |
| Skeletal muscle index (%) | 31.9 ± 0.1 | 24.8 ± 0.1 |
Values are mean ± standard error or n (%). 1 Physical activity was categorized into three groups, according to tertile of metabolic equivalents (METs)-hours/week.