Table 3. Studies reviewed to assess LGE safety.
PPI: proton pump inhibitor
N/A: not available
| Author, Year | Follow-up, evaluation, and preventative measures | Complications | Treatment |
| Weiss et al., 2019 [23] | Upper endoscopy before and three days after the procedure. Upper endoscopy after 30 days of the procedure for participants who had a positive finding. | Mild nausea, transient vomiting and mild epigastric pain in three patients immediately after the procedure as well as superficial gastric ulcer in three patients on the third day after the procedure. | PPI one week before the procedure and one week after. |
| Elens et al., 2019 [24] | Upper endoscopy one to two months after the procedure in 10 participants. | One patient developed pancreatitis associated with splenic infarction and gastric perforation, and another patient developed a superficial gastric ulcer. | One month of hospital stay and ICU admission; pantoprazole (40 mg) a day for six weeks. |
| Pirlet et al., 2019 [25] | PPI for 24 hours | Transient abdominal discomfort in six patients. | N/A |
| Bai et al., 2018 [26] | Upper endoscopy on the day of the procedure, three and 30 days after for participants who had positive findings. Prophylactic Omeprazole for two weeks after the procedure. | Four participants developed mild epigastric discomfort. One patient had a superficial gastric ulcer and another patient had punctured hematoma which is resolved after 22 days. | N/A |
| Syed et al. 2016 [27] | Upper endoscopy before the procedure, and third day after. Upper endoscopy after 30 days of the procedure for participants with positive findings. PPI one week before to one month after the procedure. | Nausea and vomiting, mild epigastric pain immediately after the procedure, and only three participants developed a gastric ulcer. | N/A |
| Kipshidze et al., 2015 [28] | Two upper endoscopies are performed on participants' first day as well as one week after the procedure. | Three participants had mild abdominal discomfort after the procedure. | N/A |
| Takahashi et al., 2019 [29] | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Kim et al., 2018 [30] | Six participants underwent upper endoscopy after the procedure. | Gastric ulcer in two patients and jejunal ischemia in one patient due to the holding of the anticoagulant. Death in one patient within two months of the procedure due to heart failure medical complications. | N/A |
| Gunn et al., 2014 [31] | N/A | N/A | N/A |