Table 1.
Sample characteristics (n = 250).
| Intervention | Control | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total n (%) 1 | 136 (54.4) | 114 (45.6) | 0.164 |
| Boys | 86 | 68 | 0.147 |
| Girls | 50 | 46 | 0.612 |
| Grade 5 | 63 | 54 | 0.405 |
| Grade 6 | 73 | 60 | 0.227 |
| Age 2 (years), mean ± SD | 11.0 (0.8) | 10.8 (0.7) | 0.075 |
| Water consumption 2 (mL), mean ± SD | 1204 (639) | 1141 (642) | 0.398 |
| Rating of Ucol-1 2, n (%) | 104 (77.6) | 76 (66.7) | 0.037 |
| Self-reported thirst 3, n (%) | 55 (40.4) | 32 (28.1) | 0.033 |
| Step counts 8-13 4, mean ± SD a | 4760 (761) | 4745 (758) | 0.883 |
| Step counts 24-Recall 4, mean ± SD b | 15430 (2831) | 15855 (2891) | 0.266 |
1 Chi-Square test, 2 Mann–Whitney U test, 3 Fisher’s Exact Test, 4 t-test, Ucol: urine color, Ucol-1: the lightest color on the chart, n: number of participants, a n = 221; b n = 228, p ≤ 0.05.