Oxidized DNA Enhances Influenza Virus-Induced IL-1β Secretion
(A) Oxidized mtDNA fragment was prepared as described in Methods. dsDNA and oxidized DNA were detected by dot blot analysis using anti-dsDNA (35I9 DNA) or anti-8OH-dG antibodies.
(B) LPS-stimulated BMMs were infected with PR8 in the presence or absence of oxidized (8-oxo-dG+) or control (8-oxo-dG-) DNA.
(C and D) LPS-stimulated BMMs were infected with PR8 (C), rgPR8, or rgPR8/M2del29–31 virus (D) in the presence or absence of dG (246 μM), 8-oxo-dG (246 μM), Mcc950 (20 μM), or Ac-YVAD-cmk (20 μM).
(E) LPS-stimulated BMMs were infected with PR8 virus in the presence or absence of Mito-TEMPO (500 μM). Cell-free supernatants were collected and analyzed for IL-1β by ELISA (B–E). These data are from three independent experiments (B–E; mean ± SEM).
∗∗∗p < 0.001 (one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test). See also Figure S2.