Figure 8.
The body surface of Steinernema spp. interacts with hemolymph components through specific adhesion; this interaction leads to the removal of key factors fundamental for triggering the insect immune processes (as observed in S. feltiae); moreover, the hemolymphatic proteins attached to the epicuticle covering the nematode are not recognized by the host hemocytes (as observed in S. feltiae and S. carpocapsae).