Table 1.

Diagnostic criteria for malnutrition and protein-energy wasting in CKD patients.

Malnutrition	PEW
first alternative	at least three out of the four listed grouping and at least one test in each one
BMI < 18.5 kg/m2	BMI < 23 kg/m2; Unintentional weight loss > 10% over 6 months or > 5% over the last three months; total body fat < 10%
second alternative
Unintentional weight loss > 10% (indefinite time) or > 5% over the last three months	serum Albumin < 3.8 g/dL; serum Prealbumin < 30 mg/dL for dialysis patients or according to residual renal function for patients with CKD stages 2-5; serum cholesterol < 100 mg/dL
BMI < 20 kg/m2 if 70 years of age or < 22 kg/m2 if > 70 years of age	Dietary PI < 0.8 g/kg/day for at least two months for dialysis patients or < 0.6 g/kg/day for patients with CKD stages 2-5. Unintentional energy intake < 25 kcal/kg/day for at least two months
FFMI < 15% and 17% kg/m2 in women and men, respectively	MM 5% reduction over three months or 10% over six months; reduction of creatinine appearance

FFMI: free fat mass index; MM: muscle mass; MAMC: mid-arm circumference MAMC area > 10% in relation to 50th percentile of reference population; PI: protein intake.