Table 1.

Clinical characteristics of HCC patients in the four cohorts

Characteristics	Discovery	Validation	Ext valid	Ext valid
	Cohort	Cohort	Cohort 1	Cohort 2
	N=127	N=260	N=92	N=124
Age (years)
≥50	66 (52.0%)	134 (51.5%)	15 (16.3%)	9 (7.3%)
<50	61 (48.0%)	126 (48.5%)	77 (83.7%)	115 (92.7%)
Gender
Female	16 (12.6%)	134 (51.5%)	66 (71.7%)	76 (61.3%)
Male	111 (87.4%)	126 (48.5%)	26 (28.3%)	48 (38.7%)
AFP (μg/L)
>400	76 (59.8%)	171 (65.8%)	57 (62.0%)	75 (60.5%)
≤400	51 (40.2%)	89 (34.2%)	35 (38.0%)	49 (39.5%)
HBsAg
Negative	14 (11.0%)	27 (10.4%)	23 (29.9%)	47 (37.9%)
Positive	113 (89.0%)	233 (89.6%)	54 (70.1%)	77 (62.1%)
HBV DNA
Negative	41 (32.3%)	73 (28.1%)	29 (35.4%)	36 (31.6%)
Positive	86 (67.7%)	187 (71.9%)	53 (64.6%)	78 (68.4%)
Pathology Grade
I	3 (2.4%)	17 (6.5%)	18 (20.7%)	3 (4.8%)
II	91 (71.7%)	164 (63.1%)	46 (52.9%)	13 (20.6%)
III	33 (26.0%)	79 (30.4%)	23 (26.4%)	47 (74.6%)
Cirrhosis
NO	53 (41.7%)	108 (41.5%)	14 (15.2%)	14 (11.3%)
Yes	74 (58.3%)	152 (58.5%)	78 (84.8%)	110 (88.7%)
Main Size
<5cm	56 (44.1%)	103 (39.6%)	48 (52.2%)	55 (44.4%)
≥5cm	71 (55.9%)	157 (60.4%)	44 (47.8%)	69 (55.6%)
Tumor Number
1	87 (68.5%)	172 (66.2%)	70 (76.1%)	41 (33.1%)
≥2	40 (31.5%)	88 (33.8%)	22 (23.9%)	83 (66.9%)
Tumor capsule
No	43 (33.9%)	91 (35.0%)	70 (76.1%)	56 (45.2%)
Yes	84 (66.1%)	169 (65.0%)	22 (23.9%)	68 (54.8%)
Cancer Embolus
No	102 (80.3%)	195 (75.0%)	23 (25.0%)	64 (51.6%)
Yes	25 (19.7%)	65 (25.0%)	69 (75.0%)	60 (48.4%)
TNM stage
I	68 (53.5%)	111 (42.7%)	43 (46.7%)	13 (10.5%)
II	28 (22.0%)	77 (29.6%)	10 (10.9%)	42 (33.9%)
III	31 (24.4%)	72 (27.7%)	39 (42.4%)	69 (55.6%)