The authors regret that incorrect values for age and vitamin D concentration were transcribed from summary statistics, and variable categories were the wrong way around for smoking status, long-standing illness, disability or infirmity, and diabetes.
The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. Corrected table 1 and text are provided below:
Table 1.
Characteristics of study population by presence or absence of confirmed COVID-19 infection.
| No COVID-19 |
COVID-19 |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | |||
| Sex | Male | 168,391 (48.37) | 265 (59.02) | <0.001 |
| Female | 179,758 (51.63) | 184 (40.98) | ||
| Self-reported ethnicity | White | 331,464 (95.21) | 385 (85.75) | <0.001 |
| Black | 5022 (1.44) | 32 (7.13) | ||
| South Asian | 5917 (1.70) | 19 (4.23) | ||
| Other | 5746 (1.65) | 13 (2.90) | ||
| Current smoking status | No | 312,037 (89.63) | 398 (88.64) | 0.493 |
| Yes | 36,112 (10.37) | 51 (11.36) | ||
| Townsend deprivation quintile | 1 | 70,669 (20.30) | 61 (13.59) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 70,726 (20.31) | 76 (16.93) | ||
| 3 | 70,644 (20.29) | 64 (14.25) | ||
| 4 | 70,270 (20.18) | 105 (23.39) | ||
| 5 | 65,840 (18.91) | 143 (31.85) | ||
| BMI category | Underweight | 1759 (0.51) | 2 (0.45) | <0.001 |
| Normal weight | 115,410 (33.15) | 95 (21.16) | ||
| Overweight | 148,210 (42.57) | 194 (43.21) | ||
| Obese | 82,770 (23.77) | 158 (35.19) | ||
| Self-reported health rating | Excellent | 60,508 (17.38) | 45 (10.02) | <0.001 |
| Good | 203,640 (58.49) | 227 (50.56) | ||
| Fair | 69,676 (20.01) | 133 (29.62) | ||
| Poor | 14,325 (4.11) | 44 (9.80) | ||
| Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity | No | 237,470 (68.21) | 245 (54.57) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 110,679 (31.79) | 204 (45.43) | ||
| Diabetes | No | 329,324 (94.59) | 400 (89.09) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 18,825 (5.41) | 49 (10.91) | ||
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | |||
| Vitamin D | 47.2 (32.7–62.7) | 43.8 (28.7–61.6) | <0.01 | |
| Age at assessment | 57 (49–63) | 58 (49–64) | <0.05 | |
| SBP | 138 (125–151) | 138 (127–153) | 0.177 | |
| DBP | 82 (75–89) | 83 (76–90) | <0.01 | |
Categorical variables compared by chi2 test; continuous variables compared by Mann-Whitney U test.
N number; BMI body mass index; IQR inter-quartile range; SBP systolic blood pressure; DBP diastolic blood pressure.
Results
Median 25(OH)D concentration measured at recruitment was lower in patients who subsequently had confirmed COVID-19 infection (43.8 (IQR 28.7–61.6) nmol/L) than other participants (47.2 (IQR 32.7–62.7) nmol/L).
Median 25(OH)D concentration was 48.1 (IQR 33.8–63.4) nmol/L in white participants, 29.9 (IQR 21–41.3) in black participants, 22.1 (IQR 14.5–33.7) in South Asian participants, and 33.7 (IQR 23.3–47.4) nmol/L in others. All multivariate analysis is unchanged, therefore the conclusions remain the same.
Contributor Information
Naveed Sattar, Email: naveed.sattar@glasgow.ac.uk.
Jill P. Pell, Email: jill.pell@glasgow.ac.uk.