Table 1.

Morphological comparisons between Paraboea dolomitica and its relatives its relatives based on morphological observation and phylogenetic analyses.

Characters	P. dolomitica	P. filipes	P. dictyoneura	P. crassifolia	P. dushanensis	P. peltifolia
Rhizome	1.5–6.0 cm long, ca. 0.3–0.5 cm diam.	up to 2.5 cm long, ca. 0.3 cm diam.	1.5–2.5 cm long, 0.7–0.8 cm diam.	0.5–1.5 cm long, 0.5–0.9 cm diam.	4–10 cm long, 0.2–0.6 cm diam.	2–7 cm long, 0.5–1 cm diam.
Stem	present	absent	absent or up to 10 cm	absent or up to 15 cm	absent	present
Leaf position	crowded near the stem apex, opposite	basal, rosette	basal or crowded near the stem apex, rosette	basal or crowded near the stem apex	congested at the apex of rhizome	spiral at the stem apex
Leaf blade	leathery, obovate to elliptic, 2.5–4.5 × 1.0–1.5 cm, margin denticulate	papery, obovate to obovate-oblong, (1~) 2–5 × (0.3~) 0.7–2.2 cm, margin shallowly crenate or subentire	thick papery, oblanceolate, 7–19 × 1.2–4.5 cm, margin serrate to dentate or subentire	thick papery, obovate or ovate, 3–16 × 1.5–7 cm, margin crenate to denate or subentire	leathery, cuneate to attenuate, 4–8 × 0.7–1.5 cm, margin crenate to shallowly repand	papery, obovate to oblanceolate, spatulate or subspatulate, 6–33.5 × 3–14.3 cm, margin crenate-serrate
Cymes	1–4-flowered	1–4-flowered	5–20-flowered	4–12-flowered	1–5-flowered	2–15-flowered
Peduncle	3–5 cm long, sparsely lanate with glandular hairs	3–7 cm long, glabrescent	8–21 cm long, pannose to sparsely pannose	3–12 cm long, woolly to pannose	3–5 cm long, ferruginous matted indumentum	4–6 cm long, woolly
Bract	2, linear, 0.3–0.4 cm long	2, narrowly oblong-ovate, ca. 0.1 cm long	2 or 3, lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 0.5–1.3 cm long	2, linear to subulate, 0.2–0.5 cm long	2, linear-lanceolate, 0.3–0.5 cm long	2, lanceolate-triangular, 0.2–0.3 (~0.4) cm long
Calyx	5-parted	5-parted	5-parted	5-parted	5-parted	2-lipped
Corolla	purplish	purplish	purplish	purplish	purple-blue	white
Anther	reniform	narrowly oblong	oblong	oblong	elliptic	reniform
Staminodes	2, 0.3 cm long	1, ca. 0.02 cm long	3, 0.2–0.45 cm long	2, 0.2–0.25 cm long	3, 0.25–0.3 cm long	2, 0.2 cm long
Capsule	1.5–1.8 cm long, slightly twisted	0.5–1.1 cm long, not twisted	1.5–6 cm long, spirally twisted to nearly straight	2–4.5 cm long, spirally twisted	1.2–3.1 cm long, not twisted	1–3.6 cm long, not twisted
Flowering	April and May	September and October	April and May	June and July	May and June	March and April

Note: The morphological characters of P. filipes, P. dictyoneura, P. crassifolia and P. peltifolia are from Li and Wang (2004) and the characters of P. dushanensis are from Xu et al. (2017a).