Corrigendum to “Lifetime exposure to traffic-related air pollution and symptoms of depression and anxiety at age 12 years’” [Environ. Res. 17 (2019) 199–206]

The authors regret to inform that there was an error in the published manuscript resulting from a coding error used to calculate the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) T-scores. We have corrected the coding error and re-run all analyses for the SCAS. Importantly, all significant associations in our manuscript remain statistically significant; in most cases the associations are now stronger. However, the reported mean SCAS values and the associated standard deviations and model parameter estimates have changed slightly. In the final adjusted models, a 0.25 μg/m³ increase in ECAT exposure in prenatal/early life was significantly associated with an increase in T-scores for SCAS total anxiety (β = 2.39, 95% CI 0.49,4.29) and generalized anxiety (β = 2.19, 95% CI 0.52, 3.86) and social phobia (β = 2.51, 95% CI 1.03, 4.59). Current ECAT exposure was associated with increased generalized anxiety (β = 2.47, 95% CI 0.55, 4.39) and social phobia (β = 2.51, 95% CI 0.43, 4.59). Average childhood exposure to ECAT was associated with increases in generalized anxiety (β = 3.26, 95% CI 0.99, 5.53) and social phobia (β = 3.32, 95% CI 0.85, 5.79). As the error was only within the SCAS, our findings related to childhood depression using the Children’s Depression Inventory and parent reported internalizing conditions using the BASC-2 are unaffected and remain unchanged. Table 2, Supplemental Table 3, and Figure 1 have been revised accordingly.

Table 2.

Summary of Child and Parent Reported Measures of Depression and Anxiety

Responder	Assessment	Index	na	Mean (SD)	n (%) ≥ 65
Child Reported	CDI-2	Total Depression	339	52.7 (10.2)	33 (9.7)
	SCAS	Total Anxiety	339	48.4 (9.7)	21 (6.2)
		Generalized Anxiety	339	48.8 (8.4)	20 (5.9)
		Obsessive Compulsive Disorder	339	50.3 (9.5)	25 (7.4)
		Panic/Agoraphobia	339	48.8 (9.1)	20 (5.9)
		Fear of Physical Injury	339	51.9 (8.8)	29 (8.6)
		Separation Anxiety	339	48.6 (8.9)	19 (5.6)
		Social Phobia	339	49.3 (9.1)	24 (7.1)
Parent Reported	BASC-2	Internalizing Composite	344	50.6(11.1)	36 (10.5)
		Depression Subscale	344	49.9 (10.2)	32 (9.3)
		Anxiety Subscale	344	52.1 (12.0)	51 (14.8)
		Somatization Subscale	344	49.4 (11.4)	30 (8.7)
		Withdrawal Subscale	344	50.0 (11.0)	47 (13.7)

^aNumber of participants with completed assessments.

Fig. 1.

Adjusted* Parameter Estimates (per 0.25 μg/m³ increase) for the Association between Early, Current, and Average Childhood ECAT Exposure and Child-Reported Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety.

The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

Table 1.

Child, Maternal, and Household Characteristics of CCAAPS Participants (n = 344)

Characteristic	Mean/n	SD/%
Child Characteristics
Age at 12y Study Visit (y)	12.2	0.8
Female	153	44.5%
Race/Ethnicity
White	261	75.9%
Black/More than One Race	83	24.1%
Maternal Characteristics
IQ (Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI-2)	105.2	13.3
Depression (BDI-II)	6.4	4.0
Age at Study Enrollment (years)	30.7	5.9
Maternal Education at 12y Study Visit
≤ High School	72	21.6%
Some College or Trade School	94	28.1%
≥ College Degree	168	50.3%
Household/Parenting Characteristics
Household Income at enrollment
< $20,000	58	17.4%
$20,000 to < $40,000	54	16.2%
$40,000 to < $70,000	96	28.8%
$70,000 to < $90,000	89	26.7%
> $90,000	36	10.8%
Parent Relationship Questionnaire (PRQ) T-scores
Attachment	52.2	9.6
Communication	50.7	10.1
Discipline Practices	48.3	10.4
Involvement	52.3	11.3
Parenting Confidence	51.4	9.5
Relational Frustration	48.2	9.5
ECAT Exposure Measures
Early Life ECAT at Birth Record Address (ug/m3)	0.39	0.14
Current ECAT at 12y Study Visit (ug/m3)	0.37	0.12
Average Childhood ECAT; Birth to 12y Study Visit (ug/m3)	0.38	0.10