Hemagglutinin (HA) receptor-binding site (RBS)-targeting antibodies. (A) Structure of a prototypic RBS-targeting antibody C05 in complex with HA (Ekiert et al. 2012). HA is colored in white and the C05 epitope is colored in lime. (B) bnAbs C05 (cyan), F045-092 (green), 5J8 (slate blue), and CH65 (red) target the HA RBS using their complementarity determining region (CDR) H3 (Whittle et al. 2011; Ekiert et al. 2012; Hong et al. 2013; Lee et al. 2014). S139/1 (orange) targets the HA RBS using its CDR H2 (Lee et al. 2012). (C) Sialic acid in complex with HA. Hydrogen bonds between the carboxylate group of sialic acid and HA are shown in black dashed lines. (D) The carboxylate and acetamide groups of sialic acid are mimicked by RBS-targeting antibodies, including C05 (cyan) (Ekiert et al. 2012), S139/1 (orange) (Lee et al. 2012), F045-092 (green) (Lee et al. 2014), 2G1 (purple) (Xu et al. 2013), 8M2 (pink) (Xu et al. 2013), 5J8 (slate blue) (Hong et al. 2013), HC63 (gray) (Barbey-Martin et al. 2002), and CH65 (red) (Whittle et al. 2011). The side chains that act as mimics of sialic acid receptor moieties are shown in stick representation.