Table 1.
Effect of fermentation of cRG-I and cRG-I+LMWC on microbial composition at family level in short-term colonic incubations in absence or presence of a mucosal compartment. Average proportional (%) (mucus) and absolute (16S gene copies/mL) (lumen) abundance of the different bacterial families in the original (diluted) inoculum and after 48 h of incubation upon dosing cRG-I and cRG-I +LMWC versus a blank control (n = 3). Statistically significant differences between the blank and treatments are indicated in bold (p < 0.05). Upon reaching statistically significant differences, highest values are underlined. Values indicated in italicsy are strongly increased, although not significant. L = colonic incubations only simulating lumen; M = incubations simulating both lumen and mucus.
| Absolute Abundance (16S Gene Copies/mL) | Proportional Abundance (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phylum | Family | Inoculum | L | M | |||||||
| lumen | lumen | mucus | |||||||||
| blank | cRG-I | cRG-I+LMWC | blank | cRG-I | cRG-I+LMWC | blank | cRG-I | cRG-I+LMWC | |||
| Actinobacteria | Bifidobacteriaceae | 7.28 | 7.18 | 8.68 | 8.28 | 6.89 | 8.63 | 8.26 | 0.2% | 6.4% | 1.2% |
| Coriobacteriaceae | 8.22 | 6.60 | 6.39 | 6.88 | 6.25 | 6.36 | 6.80 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Eggerthellaceae | 6.56 | 7.72 | 7.40 | 7.22 | 7.49 | 7.29 | 7.09 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Bacteroidetes | Bacteroidaceae | 7.94 | 8.63 | 9.60 | 9.50 | 8.52 | 9.65 | 9.45 | 20.1% | 9.1% | 8.5% |
| Marinifilaceae | 6.23 | 6.12 | 6.36 | 6.04 | 6.46 | 6.43 | 6.25 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Muribaculaceae | 6.10 | 7.02 | 6.73 | 6.15 | 6.78 | 6.56 | 6.03 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Prevotellaceae | 6.74 | <LOQ | 7.04 | 6.04 | 5.48 | 6.55 | 6.15 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Rikenellaceae | 7.94 | 6.85 | 7.02 | 6.60 | 6.57 | 6.83 | 6.68 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.1% | |
| Tannerellaceae | 6.19 | 7.70 | 7.35 | 7.05 | 7.58 | 7.42 | 7.24 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Firmicutes | Christensenellaceae | 7.58 | 7.06 | 7.14 | 6.66 | 6.82 | 6.94 | 6.75 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Clostridiaceae cluster I | 6.15 | 5.96 | <LOQ | 5.95 | 6.40 | 5.94 | 6.17 | 41.7% | 2.1% | 1.8% | |
| Erysipelotrichaceae | 7.41 | 6.93 | 7.32 | 7.33 | 7.07 | 7.55 | 7.81 | 1.1% | 1.0% | 1.4% | |
| Clostridiaceae cluster XI | <LOQ | 6.27 | 6.58 | 6.39 | 6.36 | 6.48 | 6.69 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Clostridiaceae cluster XIII | 6.43 | 6.45 | 6.14 | <LOQ | 6.73 | 6.16 | 6.09 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Lachnospiraceae | 8.59 | 8.65 | 8.93 | 8.57 | 8.51 | 8.73 | 8.58 | 28.3% | 74.0% | 79.1% | |
| Peptococcaceae | 6.53 | 6.36 | 6.07 | 5.85 | 6.16 | <LOQ | 5.69 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Peptostreptococcaceae | 6.45 | 6.15 | 6.70 | 6.43 | 5.95 | 7.16 | 7.30 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Ruminococcaceae | 8.64 | 8.38 | 8.83 | 8.30 | 8.34 | 8.72 | 8.49 | 4.1% | 3.0% | 1.5% | |
| Streptococcaceae | 6.37 | <LOQ | 6.70 | 8.14 | 5.26 | 5.80 | 8.17 | 0.1% | 1.0% | 0.5% | |
| Veillonellaceae | 7.77 | 7.67 | 8.45 | 8.01 | 7.51 | 8.31 | 8.16 | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | |
| Proteobacteria | Burkholderiaceae | 5.18 | 6.78 | 6.83 | 6.32 | 6.74 | 6.60 | 6.41 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Desulfovibrionaceae | 6.19 | 6.26 | 6.73 | 6.75 | 6.15 | 6.80 | 6.93 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| Enterobacteriaceae | 6.03 | 9.10 | 9.32 | 9.35 | 8.90 | 9.29 | 9.45 | 2.8% | 2.8% | 5.1% | |
| Verrucomicrobia | Akkermansiaceae | 7.63 | 7.91 | 7.55 | 7.71 | 8.46 | 8.67 | 8.64 | 0.6% | 0.2% | 0.4% |