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. 2020 Jul 22;9(8):1757. doi: 10.3390/cells9081757

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Methods of generating CAR-NK cells. NK cells can be obtained from various sources of an autologous or allogenic donor. The CAR construct, consisting of the scFv sequence (derived from either a tumor antigen/TAA-specific Ab or nanobodies) linked to activatory domains, is made via molecular cloning or gene synthesis techniques. This construct is expressed in NK cells using viral or non-viral transduction (i.e., electroporation). When exposed to the tumor antigen-expressing tumor cells, CAR-NK cells become activated and release cytokines and cytolytic agents such as perforin and granzyme B. Along with CAR, other molecules may be co-transduced to improve persistence, migration, and/or cytotoxicity of CAR-NK cells. Among them, the IL-15 cytokine receptor and the FcγRIII CD16 (in NK-92MI lacking CD16) which triggers ADCC. PBMNC: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; BM: bone marrow; UBC: umbilical cord; hESC: human embryonic stem cells; iPSC: induced pluripotent stem cell.