Table 1.

Summary findings of the studies included in the systematic review.

Study	Type of Study/Study Design	Cancer Types	Primary Outcome Expression of Anx-A1	Secondary Outcome Role of Anx-A1 in Cancer
[31]	In vitro	Ovarian and breast cancer	Increased Anx-A1 expression in the drug-resistant cells (SKOV-3) compared to the drug sensitive (MCF-7) cells	Resistance towards anti-cancer treatment
[26]	In vitro	Breast cancer	Reduced Anx-A1 expression in ductal cell in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast tumour Primary tumour and metastatic cells showed significantly lower Anx-A1 expression than normal mammary cells Primary tumour showed significantly lower expression of Anx-A1 in comparison to the corresponding metastatic cells in the lymph nodes	Possible tumour suppressor activity of Anx-A1
[32]	In vitro	Esophageal and esophageal junction adenocarcinoma	61% (63 out of 104) of esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas showed negative or low expression of Anx-A1 39% (41 out of 104) of esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas recorded high expression of Anx-A1 High Anx-A1 expression correlated to poorer prognosis, higher tumour stage and distant metastasis	Prognosis marker to predict tumour recurrence and survival of patients
[17]	In vitro	Cervical cancer	The difference in Anx-A1 expression between normal cervical epithelium and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC) was significant The expression of Anx-A1 significantly decreased with tumour severity Low Anx-A1 correlated to poorer cellular differentiation of the tumour	Possible tumour suppressor protein and diagnostic marker
[33]	In vitro and in vivo	Breast cancer	Anx-A1 expression was negative in low-grade ductal carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma Anx-A1 stained positive for myoepithelial and epithelial cells.	Cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest
[34]	In vitro	Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)	In adriamycin sensitive K562 cells, high Anx-A1 was detected while in the resistant, K562/ADR cells, the expression was largely reduced.	Resistance towards anti-cancer treatment
[35]	In vitro	Breast cancer	Anx-A1 expression was higher in basal like breast cancer (BLBC) cell than luminal like breast cancer cell (LLBC)	Metastasis
[36]	In vitro and in vivo	Breast cancer	Anx-A1 expression was recorded high in a normal breast tissue sample while found downregulated in 20 invasive human breast carcinoma, excluding four benign breast tissue samples	Metastasis
[37]	In vitro and in vivo	Breast cancer	MCF-7 and T47D cells expressed lower levels of Anx-A1 while MDA-231 cells showed higher Anx-A1 level	Metastasis
[38]	In vitro and in vivo	Human glioblastoma	Anx-A1 was negative in normal brain tissue but upregulated in brain tumour tissue, higher grade gliomas (grade 3 and 4) recorded higher Anx-A1 expression	Cell proliferation, colony stimulation, infiltration of leucocytes, and survival
[39]	In vitro	Lung cancer	Anx-A1 was significantly upregulated in 44 of the 96 cancer tissues and downregulated in normal tissues (p < 0.05) mRNA levels of Anx-A1 were significantly increased in lung cancer tissues than the normal tissues (p = 0.02)	Metastasis and survival
[40]	In vitro	Breast cancer	MDA-MB-213 cells showed high Anx-A1 expression, while SKBr3 and T47D cells had low expression and the MCF-7 cell line was negative for the protein	Metastasis
[41]	In vitro	Pancreatic cancer	In PaCa-2 extracts, full length (37kDa) and cleaved (33kDa) forms of Anx-A1 were found in the membrane and cytosol but not in the nucleus PANC-1 did not express a cleaved form of Anx-A1 but expressed the full length in a small amount on the membrane and in the nucleus	Metastasis
[42]	In vitro and in vivo	Melanoma	Expression of Anx-A1 was found in 54/61 biopsies with the membrane as well as the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments amongst which cytoplasmic localization was the highest (51/54)	Metastasis
[43]	In vitro	Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)	6-10B cells have notably increased expression of Anx-A1 compared to the metastatic 5-8F cell lines	Cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, colony formation and metastasis
[44]	In vitro	Breast cancer	Higher endogenous Anx-A1 expression was identified in TNBC cell lines than the non-TNBC cells	Metastasis
[45]	In vitro	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)	Positive Anx-A1 staining was mainly found in cytoplasm (with or without nucleus) Anx-A1 expression was significantly decreased in the tumour with a higher TNM stage (3-4) than lower stages (1-2)	Metastasis and survival
[46]	In vitro	Lung cancer	Lung cancer tissue showed higher expression of Anx-A1 than in normal lung tissue	Lymphatic invasion