Figure 1.

Synthesis and characterization of oxidized and reduced GdW₁₀O₃₆ NCs. (A) Schematic diagram of synthesis. (B-D) TEM images of nanoclusters at pH = 7.4, 6.4 and 4.0. (E) DLS measurements of GdW₁₀O₃₆ NCs with continuous acidification from pH = 7.4 to 4.0. UV-vis spectra and corresponding photographs of GdW₁₀O₃₆ clusters before and after reduction in the presence of various concentrations of GSH (0, 10, 15, and 20 mM) on the 2nd (F) and 5th day (G). (H) XPS spectra of GdW₁₀O₃₆ NCs. (I-J) XPS spectra of W 4f in GdW₁₀O₃₆ NCs before and after reduction.