Table 3.

HRs and 95% CIs of cardiovascular outcomes by income category and adjusted for covariates in cohort with AF

	Income					P value for trend
	<$40 000	$40–$59 000	$60–$74 000	$75–$99 000	≥$100 000
Heart failure*
Model 1	1.41 (1.28 to 1.55)	1.30 (1.17 to 1.44)	1.22 (1.08 to 1.38)	1.18 (1.05 to 1.33)	1 (ref)	<0.0001
Model 2	1.19 (1.07 to 1.32)	1.14 (1.02 to 1.28)	1.11 (0.98 to 1.26)	1.10 (0.97 to 1.24)	1 (ref)	0.03
Model 3	1.17 (1.05 to 1.30)	1.13 (1.01 to 1.26)	1.10 (0.97 to 1.25)	1.09 (0.97 to 1.23)	1 (ref)	0.05
Myocardial infarction†
Model 1	1.35 (1.14 to 1.60)	1.28 (1.07 to 1.54)	1.18 (0.95 to 1.46)	1.10 (0.89 to 1.36)	1 (ref)	0.005
Model 2	1.18 (0.98 to 1.42)	1.16 (0.96 to 1.41)	1.09 (0.87 to 1.36)	1.05 (0.85 to 1.30)	1 (ref)	0.42
Model 3	1.18 (0.98 to 1.41)	1.15 (0.95 to 1.40)	1.09 (0.87 to 1.36)	1.05 (0.84 to 1.30)	1 (ref)	0.46
Ischaemic stroke‡
Model 1	1.06 (0.95 to 1.18)	0.97 (0.86 to 1.1)	0.99 (0.86 to 1.14)	1.00 (0.87 to 1.15)	1 (ref)	0.36
Model 2	0.98 (0.87 to 1.11)	0.92 (0.81 to 1.04)	0.95 (0.82 to 1.09)	0.97 (0.84 to 1.11)	1 (ref)	0.62
Model 3	0.99 (0.88 to 1.12)	0.92 (0.81 to 1.05)	0.95 (0.82 to 1.1)	0.97 (0.84 to 1.12)	1 (ref)	0.61

Model 1 adjusted for baseline age, sex and race.

Model 2 adjusted for baseline age, sex, race, education, hypertension, diabetes and prevalent ischaemic stroke, prevalent coronary heart disease, and prevalent heart failure.

Model 3 adjusted for baseline age, sex, race, education, hypertension, diabetes, prevalent ischaemic stroke, prevalent coronary heart disease, prevalent heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, and oral anticoagulant use.

*Prevalent heart failure was excluded from model 3 when calculating incident heart failure.

†Prevalent coronary heart disease was excluded from model 3 when calculating incident myocardial infarction.

‡Prevalent ischaemic stroke was excluded from model 3 when calculating incident ischaemic stroke.

AF, atrial fibrillation.