Correction to: Classical galactosemia: neuropsychological and psychosocial functioning beyond intellectual abilities

Correction to: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases (2020) 15:42

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-019-1277-0

Following the original article’s publication [1] the authors informed us of the following errors:

1. Author M. Estela Rubio Gozalbo’s first and last names were captured incorrectly. The author’s first names are M. Estela, while last names are Rubio Gozalbo.

The correct author’s name has been updated in the original article [1] and shown in the author list of this Correction.

2. In Table 2 ‘Digit span’ and ‘GIT-2’ are tests and should be preceded by a - just like the other tests in the table.

Table 2.

Cognitive Functioning Results

Domain	N	Results patients	P-valuea	N	FSIQ 50–69 (Group 1)	N	FSIQ 70–85 (Group 2)	N	FSIQ > 85 (Group 3)	P-valueb
Learning & Memory
- AVLT Immediate Recall	19	46.0 (9–61)	0.029	4	40.0 (9–46)	11	45.00 (35–61)	4	49.50 (47–51)	0.121
- AVLT Delayed Recall	19	46.0 (15–65)	0.545	4	49.5 (15–58)	11	46.00 (34–65)	4	50.00 (43–55)	0.956
- AVLT Delayed / Immediate	19	52.0 (38–65)	0.445	4	55.5 (43–62)	11	52.00 (38–65)	4	52.00 (39–62)	0.803
- Digit span	35	43.0 (20–63)	< 0.0005c	8	30.00 (20–57)	15	43.00 (27–60)	12	48.50 (33–63)	0.017
Visuospatial functioning
- GIT-2a spatial test	19	36.0 (23–50)	< 0.0005c	4	26.5 (23–40)	11	35.0 (28–40)	4	41.5 (40–50)	0.019
- Block design	42	38.5 (20–53)	< 0.0005c	9	30.0 (20–40)	17	37.0 (27–50)	16	37.0 (33–53)	< 0.0005c
Executive functioning
Inhibition
- Stroop III (Inhibition)	25	45.0 (20–56)	0.003c	6	27.0 (20–49)	13	48.00 (22–56)	6	46.0 (35–53)	0.078
- Stroop III/II (Interference)	25	49.0 (30–66)	0.537	6	43.0 (30–60)	13	50.00 (31–66)	6	47.5 (40–63)	0.642
Cognitive flexibility
- WCST Total number of errors	24	50.5 (27–67)	0.988	6	46.0 (27–50)	12	51.50 (37–67)	6	52.0 (39–64)	0.134
- WCST Perseverative responses	24	51.0 (30–81)	0.626	6	46.0 (33–52)	12	53.00 (30–81)	6	52.0 (35–73)	0.278
- WCST Percent conceptual level responses	24	49.5 (27–64)	0.951	6	48.0 (27–51)	12	52.00 (39–64)	6	51.0 (37–62)	0.270
- TMT B/A	25	44.0 (27–57)	0.002c	6	45.0 (27–50)	13	43.00 (27–57)	6	48.5 (40–57)	0.510
- Letter fluency	19	37.0 (27–67)	0.001c	4	31.0 (28–38)	11	39.00 (31–67)	4	34.0 (27–56)	0.143
Mental Speed
- Stroop I (Color naming)	25	40.0 (25–61)	0.001c	6	35.0 (25–43)	13	43.00 (35–61)	6	46.5 (33–55)	0.077
- Stroop II (Word reading)	25	37.0 (20–56)	< 0.0005c	6	30.0 (20–40)	13	43.00 (20–56)	6	39.0 (33–56)	0.063
- TMT A (Digit sequencing)	25	52.0 (20–67)	0.352	6	50.5 (20–59)	13	56.00 (43–67)	6	47.5 (33–67)	0.173
- TMT B (Digit-Letter-Switching)	25	45.0 (20–58)	0.003c	6	33.5 (20–47)	13	46.00 (20–58)	6	45.0 (33–56)	0.111
- Symbol search	41	43.0 (20–67)	< 0.0005c	9	23.0 (20–50)	17	40.00 (27–67)	15	47.0 (40–60)	0.001c
- Substitution	42	40.0 (23–57)	< 0.0005c	9	30.0 (23–47)	17	40.00 (30–57)	16	43.0 (33–53)	0.006

Data reported in T-scores, median (ranges). ^a Patient data vs. normative data (T-score 50), ^b Comparison between FSIQ groups, ^c Significant after Bonferroni-Holm correction. FSIQ full scale IQ, AVLT auditory verbal learning test, GIT-II groninger intelligentie test 2, Stroop stroop color word test, WCST wisconsin card sorting test, TMT trail making test

Furthermore, ‘Responses’ is not a domain and should therefore be deleted.

Finally, ‘Cconceptual’ should be corrected to ‘conceptual’.

The table is shown here corrected.

3. The grey box for ‘test result better than expected’ is missing from the legends of Tables 4 and 5.

Table 4.

Individual Results, Adult Patients

^ap.Ser135Leu homozygous patient. VIQ Verbal IQ, PIQ Performal IQ, FSIQ Full Scale IQ, Stroop Stroop Color Word Test, WCST Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, PR Perseverative Responses, CLR Conceptual Level Responses, TMT Trail Making Test, AVLT Auditory Verbal Learning Test, GIT-II Groninger Intelligentie Test 2, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, BRIEF Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, SRS Social Responsiveness Scale

X no test result, ■ test result worse than expected,  test result better than expected, □ test result as expected

*X no result, - - T-score on total scale in clinical range, - T-score on total scale in subclinical range, □ T-score on total scale within normal range

Table 5.

Individual Results, Pediatric Patients

^ap.Ser135Leu homozygous patient, ^b Variant patient, VIQ Verbal IQ, PIQ Performal IQ, FSIQ Full Scale IQ, NI NEPSY Inhibition, Stroop Stroop Color Word Test, RS Response Set, AA Auditory Attention, WCST Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, PR Perseverative responses, CLR Conceptual Level Responses, TMT Trail Making Test, AVLT Auditory Verbal Learning Test, TCT Total Completion Time, GIT-II Groninger Intelligentie Test 2, CBCL 6–18y Child Behavior Checklist 6–18 years, YSR Youth Self Report, BRIEF Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, SRS Social Responsiveness Scale

X no test result, ■ test result worse than expected, test result better than expected, □ test result as expected

*X no result, - - T-score on total scale in clinical range, - T-score on total scale in subclinical range, □ T-score on total scale within normal range

The two tables with their respective legends are shown here corrected.

4. In Table S8 of the Additional file 1, some rows have shifted. ‘Anxiety & Depression’ and ‘Social Functioning’ should be shown on separate lines. HADS should be in line with ‘Anxiety & Depression’ and SRS with ‘Social Functioning’.

In addition, subsequent references should be renumbered as 35–49.

The corrected Additional file 1 accompanies this Correction.

Supplementary information

Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s13023-020-01447-z.