Figure 1.

Meta-analysis on prenatal supplementation of amino acids from the arginine family on fetal/birth weight (BW): While there was no effect of prenatal supplementation of amino acids from the arginine family in normal-growth pregnancies, it increased the birth weight ratio in a risk population and in complicated pregnancies. The data is ordered within each amino acid from smallest to largest animal. Data represent pooled estimates expressed as a ratio of means (ROM) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using a random effect model. Residual I² is shown. Some studies had multiple cohorts and are distinguishable in this figure by the following: * supplementation during full pregnancy in this upper line compared to partial in the next line; † this upper line is female offspring compared to the next line which is male offspring; ‡ in this upper line, the supplementation period was shorter compared to the next line(s); § in this upper line, the daily dose is lower compared to the next line(s); || in this upper line, primigravid animals were used compared to the next two lines of multigravida animals; and in the last two lines, the dose differed with the first one being the highest dose. FGR, fetal growth restriction; I², heterogeneity; NCG, N-(Carbamyl) glutamate; PE, preeclampsia; PIH, pregnancy-induced hypertension.