Quantification of GR-MDSC in breast milk of preterm infants (dependency on postnatal age). Milk cells were isolated from breast milk of mothers of preterm infants during the first five weeks of life. Percentages of GR-MDSC of total CD45+ leucocytes and the expression of activation markers CXCR4, PD-L1, and PD-L2 on BM-MDSC were determined by flow cytometry. (A) Scatter diagram showing the percentage of GR-MDSC from total milk leucocytes depending on postnatal age. Regression line shows the correlation between percentages of BM-MDSC and postnatal age. n = 288, * p < 0.05, Spearman correlation. (B) Scatter diagram showing the percentage of BM-MDSC in BM of mothers of preterm infants in postnatal weeks 1–5. n = 35–74, * p < 0.05; Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparison test. (C–E) Scatter diagrams showing the expression of CXCR4 (C), PD-L1 (D), and PD-L2 (E) on GR-MDSC in postnatal week 1 and week 5. n = 36–45, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.005, ns not significant, Mann–Whitney test.