Table 2.
Summary of studies on miRNA biomarker discovery in blood samples from TB subjects and controls.
| Cases No. (Category) |
Controls No. (Category) |
Country | Samples | Method for Screening | Method for Validation | Up-Regulated in TB | Down-Regulated in TB | Ref. | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 (TB), 21 (LTBI) | 6 treated TB, 14 HC | Brazil | blood | RNA-Seq (Illumina) | qRT-PCR | miR-589-5p | miR-196b-5p, let-7a-5p | [84] | 2020 |
| 60 (TB), 60 (LTBI) | 60 HC | China | exosomes from serum | RNA-Seq (Illumina) | qRT-PCR | miR-1246, miR-2110, miR-370-3p, miR-28-3p, miR-193b-5p | miR-3675-5p | [85] | 2019 |
| 84 (TB), 35 (LTBI) | 42 HC | Cameroon | plasma | literature (miRNA selection) | qRT-PCR | miR-29a-3p, miR-361-5p (vs LTBI); miR-155-5p (vs HC) | [86] | 2019 | |
| 15 (TB), 22 (extra-pulmonary TB) | 15 HC | India | serum | RNA-Seq (Ion Torrent) | qRT-PCR | miR-146a-5p (TB), miR-125b-5p (EPTB) | [87] | 2019 | |
| 246 (TB) | 105 HC | China | exosomes from plasma | Microarray (Affymetrix) | qRT-PCR | miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-26a-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-191-5p, miR-486-5p | [88] | 2019 | |
| 25 (TB) | 25 HC | Iran | exosomes from serum | literature (miRNA selection) | qRT-PCR | miR-484, miR-425-5p, miR-96-3p | [89] | 2019 | |
| 100 (TB) | 89 treated TB, 100 HC | China | plasma | miRNA PCR panel (Exiqon) | qRT-PCR | miR-29a-3p, miR-99b-5p (vs HC), miR-29a-3p, miR-99b-5p, miR-26a-5p (vs treated) | miR-21-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-652-5p | [90] | 2018 |
| 54 (TB) | 54 HC | South Africa, Uganda | serum | qRT-PCR | qRT-PCR | miR-21-5p, miR-484 | miR-148b-3p | [91] | 2018 |
| 53 (TB) | 53 treated TB, 53 HC | China | serum | RNA-Seq (Illumina) | qRT-PCR | miR-21-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-148b-3p (vs treated) | miR-125a-5p (vs treated) | [92] | 2017 |
| 178 (TB) | 95 HC | China | plasma | RNA-Seq (Illumina) | qRT-PCR | miR-22-3p, miR-320a-5p, miR-769-5p | [93] | 2017 | |
| 60 (TB), 32 (MDR-TB) | 60 HC | China | serum | RNA-Seq (Illumina) | qRT-PCR | miR-424-5p, miR-4433b-5p (MDR vs. DS); miR-199b-5p, miR-424-5p (vs HC) | [94] | 2016 | |
| 124 (TB) | 117 HC | China | serum and sputum | literature (miRNA selection) | qRT-PCR | miR-144-3p | [64] | 2016 | |
| 30 (TB), 19 (MDR-TB) | 10 treated TB, 30 HC | India | serum | literature (miRNA selection) | qRT-PCR | miR-16-5p, miR-155-5p | [95] | 2016 | |
| 73 (TB) | 69 HC | China | blood | available microarray dataset | none | miR-132-3p, miR-155-5p | [96] | 2016 | |
| 10 (TB), 13 (LTBI) | 11 HC | China | plasma | Microarray (Agilent) | qRT-PCR | let-7b-5p, miR-30b-5p | [97] | 2016 | |
| 11 (TB) | 10 HC | China | serum | available microarray dataset | miRNA PCR panel (TaqMan) | miR-1249-5p | list of 11 miRNAs | [98] | 2015 |
| 34 (TB, 17 HIV co-infected) | 30 treated TB (14 HIV co-infected) | South Africa | plasma | miRNA PCR panel (MIHS-106Z arrays) | qRT-PCR | miR-29a-3p, miR-17-3p, miR-133a | [99] | 2015 | |
| 17 (TB), 17 (LTBI) | 16 HC | Spain | blood | Microarray (Agilent) | qRT-PCR | miR-194-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-29c-3p (vs HC and LTBI) | miR-150-5p (vs HC and LTBI) | [100] | 2015 |
| 110 (TB) | 48 HC | China | serum | literature (miRNA selection) | qRT-PCR | miR-183-5p | [101] | 2015 | |
| 15 (TB), 14 (LTBI) | 68 HC | China | serum | RNA-Seq (Illumina) | qRT-PCR | miR-196b-5p, miR-376c-3p | [102] | 2014 | |
| 29 (TB) | 37 HC | Egypt | serum | literature (miRNA selection) | miRNA PCR Panel (miScript) | miR-197-3p | [103] | 2013 | |
| 108 (TB) | 88 HC | China | serum | RNA-Seq (Illumina) | qRT-PCR | miR-378a-5p, miR-483-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-29c-3p | miR-101-3p, miR-320b | [104] | 2013 |
| 269 (TB, 73 HIV co-infected), 109 (LTBI) | 105 HC | Italy, Tanzania, Uganda | serum | miRNA PCR panel (TaqMan), pooling of samples | qRT-PCR in a subset of individual samples | list of 12 miRNAs (e.g., miR-148a, miR-192, miR-193a-5p, miR-451, miR-590-5p, miR-885-5p) | let-7e-5p | [105] | 2013 |
| 8 (TB) | 8 HC | Germany | serum | Microarray (Agilent) | none | list of 17 miRNAs | miR-574-5p, miR-768-3p, miR-940 | [106] | 2012 |
| 30 (TB) | 65 HC | China | serum | miRNA PCR panels (TaqMan) | qRT-PCR | miR-361-5p, miR-889, miR-576-3p, miR-210, miR-26a-5p, miR-432-5p, miR-134 | [107] | 2012 | |
| 75 (TB) | 55 HC | China | serum | Microarray (Exiqon) | qRT-PCR | miR-93-3p, miR-29a-3p | miR-3125 | [108] | 2011 |