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. 2020 Oct 11;12(10):3089. doi: 10.3390/nu12103089

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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RJ-related fatty acids stimulate proliferation in C2C12 cells. (A) C2C12 cells were treated with 500 μM 10H2DA, 10HDAA, 2DA, or SA for 0, 24, 48, or 72 hours after which the number of living cells was assessed using a Cell-Counting kit-8. (B) Cells were treated with indicated fatty acids for 2 days, and the protein levels of Cyclin D1, Cyclin A2, and Gapdh were determined by Western blotting (B). Data are mean ± SD (n = 4). ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗p < 0.05, versus Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treatment (A). Images are representative of multiple independent experiments (B). Abbreviations: 10H2DA: Trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid; 10HDAA: 10-hydroxydecanoic acid; 2DA: 2-decenedioic acid; SA: Sebacic acid.